Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 26, 2025
10:16
Detection of Viral RNA by Fluorescence in situ Hybridization FISH
Published on: May 5, 2012
38.8K
Ribonucleoprotein transport in Negative Strand RNA viruses
Cédric Diot1, Gina Cosentino1, Marie-Anne Rameix-Welti1,2
1Université Paris-Saclay - Université de Versailles St. Quentin, UMR 1173 (2I), INSERM, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France.
Biology of the Cell
|October 3, 2022
Summary
Negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses use cellular machinery to transport their genomes. Rab11 protein is a key target for this intracellular transport of viral RNA.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Cell Biology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses are significant human pathogens.
- Viral genome replication and transcription occur in inclusion bodies (viral factories).
- These viruses lack dedicated transport factors for genome movement.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review host-virus interactions in -ssRNA virus genome transport.
- To explore viral strategies for intracellular genome trafficking.
- To identify knowledge gaps in -ssRNA virus replication.
Main Methods:
- Review of literature on host-virus interactions.
- Analysis of viral genome transport mechanisms.
- Identification of common cellular machinery utilized by viruses.
Main Results:
- -ssRNA viruses hijack cellular transport systems for genome movement.
- Rab11 protein is consistently involved in the intracellular transport of viral genomes.
- Diverse strategies are employed by different -ssRNA viral families.
Conclusions:
- Understanding viral genome transport is crucial for developing therapeutics.
- Rab11 is a promising target for antiviral strategies against -ssRNA viruses.
- Further research is needed to fill existing literature gaps.
Related Concept Videos
01:29Viruses with RNA Genomes
94
RNA viruses are categorized into positive-strand, negative-strand, or double-stranded groups based on their genomic structure and replication mechanisms. This classification dictates how they exploit host cellular machinery for protein synthesis and replication. Some RNA viruses also utilize reverse transcription as part of their life cycle, further diversifying their replication strategies.Positive-Strand RNA VirusesPositive-strand RNA viruses have genomes that function directly as messenger...
94
02:22Regulated mRNA Transport
6.3K
In eukaryotes, transcription and translation are compartmentalized; an mRNA is first synthesized in the nucleus and then selectively transported to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. Before transport, a pre-mRNA undergoes several steps of post-transcriptional modifications including splicing, 5' capping, and the addition of a poly-adenine tail. Various proteins bind to the pre-mRNA during these modifications. The mRNA transport takes place with the help of multiple proteins playing...
6.3K
02:31Nuclear Export of mRNA
7.8K
Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
7.8K
01:26Size and Structure of Viral Genomes
111
Viral genomes exhibit remarkable diversity in size, structure, and composition, influencing their replication strategies and interactions with host cells. These genomes consist of either DNA or RNA and may be linear or circular. Additionally, they can be single-stranded or double-stranded, with each configuration affecting how the virus propagates within a host. RNA viruses, for instance, generally have smaller genomes than DNA viruses, a factor that contributes to their high mutation rates and...
111
01:10Retrovirus Life Cycles
46.5K
Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...
46.5K
02:30siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs
16.9K
Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
16.9K