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Trends and Correlation Between Antimicrobial Resistance and Antibiotics Consumption in a Specialist Children's
Wenting Gong1, Wen Tang2, Lan Luo3
1Department of pharmacy, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
Insights
Antibiotic consumption, particularly carbapenems and monobactams, increased in children. This rise correlated with higher resistance rates in bacteria like Acinetobacter baumannii and Enterobacter cloacae, highlighting a need for targeted interventions.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric infectious diseases
- Antimicrobial stewardship
- Clinical microbiology
Background:
- Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global health threat.
- Understanding the relationship between antibiotic use and resistance is crucial for effective stewardship, especially in vulnerable pediatric populations.
- Limited data exists on these trends in specialist pediatric settings in China.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the trends in antibiotic consumption and antimicrobial resistance in children treated at a specialist hospital in China between 2016 and 2021.
- To determine the correlation between specific antibiotic usage patterns and the emergence of resistant bacterial strains in this pediatric cohort.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective analysis of antibiotic consumption and antimicrobial resistance data was conducted.
- Antibiotic consumption was quantified using defined daily doses (DDD) per 1000 patient-days.
- Linear regression and Spearman correlation analyses were used to assess trends and associations.
Main Results:
- Carbapenem and monobactam consumption showed a significant increasing trend (P<0.05).
- Rising resistance rates were observed for multiple pathogens, including Enterococcus faecium to ciprofloxacin and Acinetobacter baumannii to carbapenems (P<0.05).
- Significant positive correlations were found between the consumption of certain antibiotics (e.g., cephalosporin/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations, carbapenems, monobactams) and the resistance rates of key pathogens like Acinetobacter baumannii and Enterobacter cloacae.
Conclusions:
- This study reveals significant positive associations between increased antibiotic consumption and specific antimicrobial resistance rates in pediatric patients.
- Findings underscore the need for targeted strategies to control the prevalence of resistant bacterial strains in children.
- The data provides valuable insights for optimizing antibiotic stewardship programs in pediatric healthcare settings.
Purpose:
To explore the trends and correlation between antibiotics consumption and antimicrobial resistance in children in a specialist hospital from 2016-2021 in China.
Patients And Methods:
This retrospective study investigated data on the consumption of antibiotics and antimicrobial resistance in children. Antibiotics consumption was expressed as defined daily doses (DDDs)/1000 patient-days based on the Guidelines for Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical. The trends in antibiotics consumption and antimicrobial resistance rates were analyzed by linear regression, while Spearman correlation analysis was employed to evaluate their correlations.
Results:
An increasing trend in the annual consumption of carbapenems and monobactams was detected (all P<0.05). A significant upward trend was detected in the annual resistance rates of Enterococcus faecium to ciprofloxacin, Streptococcus pneumonia to ceftriaxone, Acinetobacter baumannii to carbapenems, Enterobacter cloacae to carbapenems, Pseudomonas aeruginosa to ceftazidime, and Escherichia coli to cefepime, while the annual resistance rates of Escherichia coli to carbapenems had a significant downward trend (all P<0.05). The consumption of cephalosporin/β-lactamase inhibitor (C/BLI) combinations and carbapenems had significant positive correlations with the resistance rates of Acinetobacter baumannii to carbapenems (r=0.763, P<0.001; r=0.806, P<0.001), Enterobacter cloacae to carbapenems (r=0.675, P<0.001; r=0.417, P=0.043), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa to ceftazidime (r=0.625, P=0.001; r=0.753, P<0.001), respectively. Also, increasing consumption of monobactams was related to the upward resistance rates of Acinetobacter baumannii to carbapenems (r=0.557, P=0.005) and Enterobacter cloacae to carbapenems (r=0.507, P= 0.011).
Conclusion:
This study demonstrated significant positive associations between antibiotics consumption and specific antimicrobial resistance rates. The current findings pointed out some directions to pursue in controlling the prevalence of certain resistant bacterial strains in children.
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