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Self-snapping hydrogel-based electroactive microchannels as nerve guidance conduits.

Jordi Amagat1,2, Yingchun Su1,3, Frederik Høbjerg Svejsø1

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Materials Today. Bio
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Summary

We developed novel self-snapping, conductive hydrogel nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) for peripheral nerve regeneration. These anisotropic NGCs promote neural cell growth and neurite extension, showing great potential for repairing nerve injuries.

Keywords:
AnisotropicGraphene oxideGraphitic carbon nitrideHydrogelNerve guidance conduitSnapping

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Peripheral nerve regeneration requires advanced nerve guidance conduits (NGCs).
  • Existing NGCs often lack anisotropic guidance, electrical properties, and optimal mechanical characteristics.
  • Large nerve defects present significant challenges for functional recovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To fabricate novel anisotropic, conductive, self-snapping, hydrogel-based NGCs.
  • To evaluate the neural differentiation and guidance capabilities of these NGCs.
  • To assess the potential of these NGCs for peripheral nerve repair.

Main Methods:

  • Hydrogel fabrication via blue light crosslinking of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) with graphene oxide (GO).
  • Incorporation of GO for enhanced surface charges and creation of a crosslinking gradient for self-snapping behavior.
  • Fabrication of aligned microchannel NGCs using sacrificial melt electrowriting (MEW) moulding.

Main Results:

  • The hydrogels exhibited optimal mechanical stiffness for nerve regeneration and supported neural cell viability.
  • Electroactive g-C3N4 H/rGO3 hydrogels significantly enhanced neurite length (47% increase) in differentiated PC12 cells.
  • Anisotropic microchannels (10 μm width) within the NGCs demonstrated effective neurite guidance.

Conclusions:

  • Anisotropic, electroactive, self-snapping hydrogel NGCs were successfully fabricated.
  • These NGCs provide a promising platform for guiding neural differentiation and promoting neurite outgrowth.
  • The developed NGCs hold significant potential for the effective repair of peripheral nerve injuries.