Sustainability and carbon neutralization trends in microalgae bioenergy production from wastewater treatment: A...

Reducing CO₂ emissions using biomass is gaining popularity as an environmentally friendly strategy. Due to high growth rates, low production costs, and ability to withstand harsh conditions, microalgae have become quite popular. Microalgae may also undertake photosynthesis, converting CO₂ and solar energy into sugar before becoming biomass, making them an excellent source of renewable and promising biofuels. CO₂ sequestration and biofixation was utilized to compare the synthesis of biodiesel as a third-generation biofuel from various types of wastewater was also used as a source for the algal cultivation. This review article focuses on recent developments, research discoveries in the field of microalgal CO₂ capture modification and the optimization of conversion efficiency. This review is intended to serve as a helpful and reference for the use of wastewater treatment with microalgae to collect CO₂. The overarching objective of this study is to assist wastewater treatment systems in achieving carbon neutrality.