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lncRNA PVT1: a novel oncogene in multiple cancers

Ruiming Li1, Xia Wang1, Chunming Zhu2

  • 1Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, #36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, China.

Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters
|October 4, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Long noncoding RNA plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) is implicated in cancer development, influencing tumor progression, resistance to therapy, and patient prognosis. Understanding PVT1 expression offers new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for various cancers.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate gene expression epigenetically at pre-transcriptional, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional levels.
  • The lncRNA plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) has emerged as a significant factor in the development and progression of various cancers.
  • PVT1's roles span epigenetic modification, gene regulation, and microRNA sponging, impacting cellular processes relevant to oncogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review the extensive literature on the long noncoding RNA PVT1 in the context of cancer.
  • To elucidate the multifaceted roles of PVT1 in tumor onset, proliferation, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and apoptosis.
  • To summarize PVT1's association with poor prognosis and resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and to explore novel diagnostic and therapeutic applications.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review and analysis of published studies on PVT1 and cancer.
  • Compilation and synthesis of data regarding PVT1 expression patterns across diverse cancer types.
  • Evaluation of evidence linking PVT1 to key cancer hallmarks and treatment outcomes.

Main Results:

  • PVT1 expression is significantly altered in numerous cancers, correlating with tumor initiation and progression.
  • PVT1 influences critical cancer processes including proliferation, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and apoptosis.
  • Elevated PVT1 levels are associated with poor patient prognosis and resistance to common cancer therapies like radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

Conclusions:

  • The long noncoding RNA PVT1 is a critical oncogenic factor implicated in multiple facets of cancer development and progression.
  • PVT1's dysregulation in various cancers highlights its potential as a biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis.
  • Targeting PVT1 presents a promising avenue for developing novel cancer treatment strategies and overcoming therapeutic resistance.
Keywords:
CancerLong  noncoding RNAOncogenePVT1

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