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Related Concept Videos

Anatomy of the Ear01:16

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Auditory sensation, commonly called hearing, involves the transformation of sonic waves into neural impulses facilitated by the structures of the auditory organ. The prominent, flesh-like structure on the side of the head, called the auricle, directs sound waves towards the auditory canal. The auricle is often mislabeled as the pinna, a term more aligned with mobile structures like a feline's external ear. The auditory canal penetrates the cranium via the external auditory meatus of the...
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The inner ear assumes dual functionalities of auditory perception and equilibrium maintenance. The vestibule is the organ responsible for balance. This organ contains mechanoreceptors, specifically hair cells, endowed with stereocilia, which aid in deciphering information regarding the position and motion of our heads. Two intrinsic components, the utricle and saccule, help perceive head position, while the semicircular canals track head movement. Neurological messages initiated in the...
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The early endosome containing internalized molecules matures through transformations in its location, morphology, intraluminal pH, and membrane protein composition. Together, these changes result in a more acidic late endosome that contains multiple intraluminal vesicles; therefore, the late endosome is also called a multivesicular body (MVB).
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The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 26, 2025

Dissection of the Endolymphatic Sac from Mice
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Endolymphatic space is age-dependent.

Marianne Dieterich1,2,3,4, Tatjana Hergenroeder1, Rainer Boegle1,2,3

  • 1Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.

Journal of Neurology
|October 5, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The endolymphatic space (ELS) in the inner ear increases with age, even in individuals with normal hearing and balance. This age-related change is crucial for accurately diagnosing endolymphatic hydrops (ELH).

Keywords:
AsymmetryEndolymphatic hydropsEndolymphatic spaceHealthy controlsInner earMRI

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Area of Science:

  • Inner ear physiology
  • Vestibulocochlear disorders
  • Medical imaging

Background:

  • Accurate estimation of endolymphatic hydrops (ELH) requires understanding the physiological endolymphatic space (ELS).
  • Age-dependent changes in ELS are not well-established, potentially impacting ELH diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate age-dependent changes in the endolymphatic space (ELS) in individuals with normal vestibulocochlear function.
  • To establish normative data for ELS volume across different age groups.

Main Methods:

  • Sixty-four ears from 32 participants (21-75 years) with normal vestibulocochlear testing underwent inner ear MRI.
  • Intravenous delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI (iMRI) was used for imaging.
  • Semi-quantitative visual grading and deep learning-based algorithmic segmentation quantified ELS volume.

Main Results:

  • A mild degree of endolymphatic hydrops (ELH, grade 1) was observed in 32.8% of ears.
  • A significant positive correlation was found between age and ELS volume in the inner ear (r=0.33, p<0.01) and vestibulum (r=0.25, p<0.05).
  • A positive, though not statistically significant, correlation was noted between age and ELS volume in the cochlea.

Conclusions:

  • Endolymphatic space (ELS) volume increases with age in individuals with normal vestibulocochlear function.
  • These age-dependent ELS increases must be considered when evaluating for endolymphatic hydrops (ELH) in both individual patients and group studies.