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Robust Ligature-Induced Model of Murine Periodontitis for the Evaluation of Oral Neutrophils

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The ligamentum mucosum: A new classification.

Bartosz Gonera¹, Konrad Kurtys¹, Grzegorz Wysiadecki²

¹Department of Anatomical Dissection and Donation, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.

Clinical Anatomy (New York, N.Y.)

|October 6, 2022

Summary

The ligamentum mucosum (LM) is a knee joint structure often overlooked. This study classified LM types, finding Type IIa potentially linked to anterior knee pain and anterior cruciate ligament injuries.

Keywords:

articular knee joint lower limb surgery

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Area of Science:

Orthopedic Surgery
Human Anatomy
Knee Joint Biomechanics

Background:

The ligamentum mucosum (LM) was historically considered a vestigial remnant in the knee.
Recent research highlights its potential clinical significance in knee joint pathology.

Purpose of the Study:

To classify the morphological and histological variations of the ligamentum mucosum.
To propose a new, clinically relevant classification system for the LM.

Main Methods:

Dissection and morphological assessment of 51 formalin-fixed knee specimens.
Histological analysis and morphometric measurements of identified LM types.

Main Results:

The ligamentum mucosum was present in 66.7% of specimens.
Three distinct types (I, IIa/IIb, III) were identified based on morphology and attachments.
Type IIa, a bifurcated ligament attaching to the anterior cruciate ligament, was noted as clinically significant.

Conclusions:

The ligamentum mucosum exhibits significant anatomical variability, likely due to evolutionary factors.
A new classification system for LM is proposed, aiding clinical diagnosis.
Type IIa LM may be implicated in anterior knee pain and anterior cruciate ligament injuries.