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Hematological Profile Changes Among Oral Contraceptive Users: A Narrative Review
Esayas Tekle1, Yemataw Gelaw2, Fikir Asrie2
1Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Wallaga University, Nekemte, Ethiopia.
Oral contraceptives significantly impact hematological profiles, often increasing hemoglobin, platelet, and erythrocyte counts. Further meta-analysis is recommended to confirm these effects on blood parameters.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Pharmacology
- Clinical Pathology
Background:
- Hematological profiles are crucial for monitoring health and disease.
- Oral contraceptives (OCs) are widely used and can influence laboratory test results.
- Understanding OC effects on hematology is vital for accurate clinical interpretation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and evaluate alterations in hematological profiles associated with oral contraceptive use.
- To synthesize existing research on how OCs affect various blood parameters.
Main Methods:
- Narrative review of existing literature.
- Comparison of hematological parameters between oral contraceptive users and non-users.
Main Results:
- Most studies indicate higher hemoglobin, platelet, and erythrocyte counts in OC users.
- Erythrocyte indices (MCV, MCH, MCHC, RDW) and leukocyte counts generally show no significant changes.
- OC users exhibit shorter clotting times (PT, aPTT, TT) and increased fibrinogen and D-dimer levels.
Conclusions:
- Oral contraceptives appear to alter specific hematological parameters, notably increasing red blood cell and platelet counts and affecting coagulation factors.
- The current review is narrative; systematic reviews and meta-analyses are needed to quantify the pooled effects of OCs on hematological parameters.
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