Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure01:03

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

9.4K
The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...
9.4K
Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway01:20

Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway

9.2K
Humans detect odors with the help of specialized cells located in the upper part of the nasal cavity, called olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). ORNs possess hair-like structures called cilia, which are receptive to sensations from the inhaled air. When an odorant molecule binds to a specific receptor on the cell of the cilia, it leads to a series of events that ultimately cause the ORN to send electrical signals to the olfactory bulb in the brain through the olfactory nerves.
The olfactory...
9.2K
Olfaction01:25

Olfaction

44.8K
The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
44.8K
Taste Buds and Receptors01:20

Taste Buds and Receptors

2.5K
Gustation, or the sense of taste, is intrinsically linked to the anatomical structures located on the tongue. This organ's surface, along with the entirety of the oral cavity, is adorned with stratified squamous epithelium. Evident on the tongue are elevated structures known as papillae (singular = papilla), which house the mechanisms for the transduction of gustatory stimuli. Four distinct types of papillae exist, each identified by their unique morphological attributes: the circumvallate,...
2.5K
Prosopagnosia01:24

Prosopagnosia

235
Prosopagnosia, also known as face blindness, is the inability to recognize faces. In severe cases, individuals with prosopagnosia may not recognize close family members, including parents and spouses, by their faces. For instance, someone with prosopagnosia might walk past their child in a crowd, only realizing their mistake upon noticing their child's distinctive backpack or favorite jacket. Prosopagnosia specifically impairs facial recognition, while the recognition of other objects or...
235
Synesthesia01:27

Synesthesia

180
Synesthesia is a remarkable condition where stimulation of one sensory or cognitive pathway leads to automatic, involuntary experiences in a second sensory or cognitive pathway. People with synesthesia experience a blending or crossing of their senses, such as sight and sound, leading to cross-modal sensations. In this condition, the stimulation of one sense, such as hearing a number or musical note, triggers an experience of another sense, like sensing a specific color, taste, or smell. People...
180

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Introducing a translationally relevant mouse model of radiosurgery-induced unilateral hearing loss.

Frontiers in neuroscience·2026
Same author

[Innovation in the radiotherapy management of vestibular schwannomas].

Revue medicale suisse·2026
Same author

[ENT emergencies in general practice (part 1)].

Revue medicale suisse·2026
Same author

[ENT emergencies in general practice (part 2)].

Revue medicale suisse·2026
Same author

Vestibular dose predicts toxicity in stereotactic radiosurgery for vestibular schwannomas.

Clinical and translational radiation oncology·2026
Same author

A randomized clinical trial of peritonsillar abscess treatment comparing drainage and tonsillectomy.

American journal of otolaryngology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 26, 2025

Real-time In Vitro Monitoring of Odorant Receptor Activation by an Odorant in the Vapor Phase
09:53

Real-time In Vitro Monitoring of Odorant Receptor Activation by an Odorant in the Vapor Phase

Published on: April 23, 2019

7.1K

[Parosmia and phantosmia: clinical update].

Sonia Macario1, Julien Wen Hsieh1, Dimitrios Daskalou1

  • 1Unité de rhinologie-olfactologie, Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie et de chirurgie cervico-faciale, Département des neurosciences cliniques, Hôpitaux universitaires de Genève, 1211 Genève 14.

Revue Medicale Suisse
|October 6, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Since COVID-19, olfactory disorders like parosmia and phantosmia are more recognized. This article reviews current clinical knowledge and diagnostic approaches for these qualitative smell impairments.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Assessing the Olfactory Effects of Airborne Pollutants — Buried Food and Social Odor Tests
04:00

Author Spotlight: Assessing the Olfactory Effects of Airborne Pollutants — Buried Food and Social Odor Tests

Published on: September 13, 2024

946
Controlled Odor Mimic Permeation Systems for Olfactory Training and Field Testing
05:54

Controlled Odor Mimic Permeation Systems for Olfactory Training and Field Testing

Published on: January 28, 2021

4.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 26, 2025

Real-time In Vitro Monitoring of Odorant Receptor Activation by an Odorant in the Vapor Phase
09:53

Real-time In Vitro Monitoring of Odorant Receptor Activation by an Odorant in the Vapor Phase

Published on: April 23, 2019

7.1K
Author Spotlight: Assessing the Olfactory Effects of Airborne Pollutants — Buried Food and Social Odor Tests
04:00

Author Spotlight: Assessing the Olfactory Effects of Airborne Pollutants — Buried Food and Social Odor Tests

Published on: September 13, 2024

946
Controlled Odor Mimic Permeation Systems for Olfactory Training and Field Testing
05:54

Controlled Odor Mimic Permeation Systems for Olfactory Training and Field Testing

Published on: January 28, 2021

4.7K

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Olfactory disorders gained public awareness due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • Causes of smell dysfunction are diverse, including quantitative (e.g., anosmia, hyposmia) and qualitative types.
  • Qualitative olfactory disorders, such as parosmia and phantosmia, are less understood than quantitative ones.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an updated overview of the clinical knowledge regarding parosmia and phantosmia.
  • To outline the current diagnostic workup for qualitative olfactory disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent clinical studies and guidelines.
  • Synthesis of current understanding of pathophysiology and diagnosis.
  • Focus on clinical presentation and diagnostic strategies.

Main Results:

  • Parosmia and phantosmia represent significant qualitative olfactory dysfunctions.
  • The clinical workup involves detailed patient history, smell testing, and sometimes imaging.
  • Understanding the specific triggers and progression is crucial for diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms and treatments for parosmia and phantosmia.
  • Accurate diagnosis and management of these disorders are essential for improving patient quality of life.
  • Increased awareness and structured workup can improve patient outcomes for qualitative olfactory dysfunction.