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Low Surface Potential with Glycoconjugates Determines Insect Cell Adhesion at Room Temperature.

Takahisa Matsuzaki1,2,3, Daigo Terutsuki4,5, Shoma Sato6

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Insect cell adhesion to biosensors involves dynamic, asymmetric processes. Low electrostatic repulsion and fluidic sugar rafts at the cell periphery drive this interaction, crucial for sensor design.

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Cell Biology
  • Biosensor Technology

Background:

  • Cell-coupled field-effect transistor (FET) biosensors offer high sensitivity for biomolecule detection.
  • Insect cells (Sf21) provide stable sensor adhesion at room temperature, enhancing biosensor applications.
  • Understanding cell-substrate interface dynamics is key for signal amplification in cell-based biosensors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the spatiotemporal processes governing Sf21 insect cell adhesion to sensor surfaces.
  • To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying cell-substrate interactions in FET biosensors.
  • To develop an electrical model for cell-sensor interfaces based on adhesion dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Interference reflection microscopy (IRM) was employed to quantitatively monitor cell adhesion dynamics.
  • Zeta potential measurements and lectin staining were used to identify cell surface glycoconjugates.
  • Cholesterol depletion experiments were conducted to probe the role of membrane domains in adhesion.

Main Results:

  • Specific adhesion signatures characterized by ring-like patches at the cellular periphery were observed.
  • Glycoconjugates with low electrostatic potentials were identified as key adhesion components.
  • Disruption of ring-like structures upon cholesterol depletion indicated the presence of peripheral lipid raft domains.

Conclusions:

  • Cell adhesion is dynamic and asymmetric, driven by low electrostatic repulsion and fluidic sugar rafts at the cell periphery.
  • These findings provide insights into the molecular basis of cell-sensor interactions.
  • The study paves the way for the logical design of advanced cell-sensor interfaces using an accurate electrical model.