Anticholinesterase Compounds from Endemic Prangos uechtritzii

In this study, the anticholinesterase effects of the extracts and isolated compounds from the roots of endemic Prangos uechtritzii Boiss & Hausskn (Apiaceae) are reported. A novel polyacetylenic compound; (+)-8-O-methyloplopantriol A along with two known polyacetylenes; (-)-panaxynol, (+)-falcarindiol and fifteen known coumarin derivatives; umbelliferone, 6-formylumbelliferone, suberosin, 7-demethylsuberosin, (+)-ulopterol, tamarin, psoralen, imperatorin, (+)-oxypeucedanin, (+)-oxypeucedanin hydrate, (+)-oxypeucedanin methanolate, (+)-marmesin, (-)-prantschimgin, (+)-decursinol, and (-)-adicardin were isolated from the hexane (Pu-HE), chloroform (Pu-CE), and methanol (Pu-ME) extracts of P. uechtritzii roots. (-)-Panaxynol, (+)-falcarindiol, 6-formylumbelliferone, (+)-decursinol, and (-)-adicardin were obtained from the genus Prangos for the first time. (+)-8-O-Methyloplopantriol A inhibited both AChE (IC₅₀ =194.5±5.8 μM) and BChE (IC₅₀ =51.9±2.96 μM) enzymes. (+)-Falcarindiol, 6-formylumbelliferone, 7-demethylsuberosin, tamarin, and imperatorin also exhibited BChE-specific inhibitory activities (IC₅₀ =27.88-93.86 μM). (+)-Falcarindiol (IC₅₀ =27.88±0.91 μM) and imperatorin (IC₅₀ =30.89±1.40 μM) as the most active components could be led compounds to develop new BChE inhibitors with further research against Alzheimer's disease.