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Regional Brain Volume Changes in Catholic Nuns: A Cross-Sectional Study Using Deep Learning-Based Brain MRI

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging
  • Brain Structure

Background:

  • Religious behaviors are complex brain phenomena.
  • Brain structure may be associated with religious behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate regional brain volume changes in nuns.
  • Identify structural brain alterations using deep learning.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 193 asymptomatic subjects (86 nuns, 107 controls).
  • Brain MRI scans analyzed using a U-Net++ deep learning segmentation tool.
  • Comparison of cortical and sub-cortical volumes between nuns and controls.

Main Results:

  • Nuns showed increased gray matter volume in specific cortical regions (e.g., right lingual, left isthmus-cingulate, frontal regions).
  • Nuns exhibited reduced gray matter volume in temporal and parietal regions compared to controls.

Conclusions:

  • Spiritual practice appears to influence brain structure.
  • Observed changes suggest effects on frontal regions associated with insight.