Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Action Potential01:31

Action Potential

8.2K
Neurons communicate by firing action potentials—the electrochemical signal that is propagated along the axon. The signal results in the release of neurotransmitters at axon terminals, thereby transmitting information to the nervous system. An action potential is a specific "all-or-none" change in membrane potential that results in a rapid spike in voltage.
Membrane potential in neurons
Neurons typically have a resting membrane potential of about -70 millivolts (mV). When they...
8.2K
Action Potentials01:41

Action Potentials

132.9K
Overview
132.9K
Resting Membrane Potential01:24

Resting Membrane Potential

19.1K
The relative difference in electrical charge, or voltage, between the inside and the outside of a cell membrane, is called the membrane potential. It is generated by differences in permeability of the membrane to various ions and the concentrations of these ions across the membrane.
The Inside of a Neuron is More Negative
The membrane potential of a cell can be measured by inserting a microelectrode into a cell and comparing the charge to a reference electrode in the extracellular fluid. The...
19.1K
Calculations of Electric Potential II01:27

Calculations of Electric Potential II

1.8K
An electric dipole is a system of two equal but opposite charges, separated by a fixed distance. This system is used to model many real-world systems, including atomic and molecular interactions. One of these systems is the water molecule, but only under certain circumstances. These circumstances are met inside a microwave oven, where electric fields with alternating directions make the water molecules change orientation. This vibration is equivalent to heat at the molecular level.
Consider a...
1.8K
The Resting Membrane Potential01:21

The Resting Membrane Potential

134.3K
Overview
134.3K
Induced Electric Dipoles01:28

Induced Electric Dipoles

4.3K
A permanent electric dipole orients itself along an external electric field. This rotation can be quantified by defining the potential energy because the external torque does work in rotating it. Then, the potential energy is minimum at the parallel configuration and maximum at the antiparallel configuration. While the former is a stable equilibrium, the latter is an unstable equilibrium.
Since the absolute value of potential energy holds no physical meaning, its zero value can be chosen as per...
4.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Tuning Solid Electrolyte Interphase Formation before Plating Onset in Anode-Free Sodium Batteries.

JACS Au·2026
Same author

Influence of Rigidity-Hydration Coupling on Size-Dependent Diffusion in Hydrated Polymer Membranes.

ACS macro letters·2026
Same author

Advancing Battery Manufacturing: Synchrotron Characterization for Industry.

Chemical reviews·2026
Same author

Effects of heteroatom doping on hydrogen uptake in tungsten oxide.

Chemical science·2026
Same author

Biomimetic NaK Channel Membrane Enabled by a Crown Ether-Coordinated Metal-Organic Framework.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same author

CO<sub>2</sub> Sorption in Moisture Swing Anion Exchange Resins for Direct Air Capture: Experimental Isotherm Determination and Modeling.

Environmental science & technology·2026
Same journal

Sub1 contributes to heart failure with preserved ejection fraction driven by aging in mice.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

The BRCA1-A complex restricts replication fork reversal-dependent DNA repair in ATM deficient cells.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Signaling downstream of tumor-stroma interaction regulates mucinous colorectal adenocarcinoma apicobasal polarity.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Click-polymerized polyenamine membranes for efficient lithium extraction.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Joint trajectories of brain atrophy, white matter hyperintensities and cognition quantify brain maintenance.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Proton shuttling at electrochemical interfaces under alkaline hydrogen evolution.

Nature communications·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 26, 2025

In Situ Monitoring of Diffusion of Guest Molecules in Porous Media Using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging
06:34

In Situ Monitoring of Diffusion of Guest Molecules in Porous Media Using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: September 2, 2016

6.5K

The Donnan potential revealed.

Pinar Aydogan Gokturk1, Rahul Sujanani2, Jin Qian1,3

  • 1Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.

Nature Communications
|October 6, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers directly measured the Donnan potential in ion exchange membranes (IEMs), revealing its dependence on salt concentration and ion valence. This breakthrough overcomes limitations of indirect estimation methods.

More Related Videos

Standardized Measurement of Nasal Membrane Transepithelial Potential Difference NPD
09:47

Standardized Measurement of Nasal Membrane Transepithelial Potential Difference NPD

Published on: September 13, 2018

16.5K
A Micro-agar Salt Bridge Electrode for Analyzing the Proton Turnover Rate of Recombinant Membrane Proteins
08:09

A Micro-agar Salt Bridge Electrode for Analyzing the Proton Turnover Rate of Recombinant Membrane Proteins

Published on: January 7, 2019

8.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 26, 2025

In Situ Monitoring of Diffusion of Guest Molecules in Porous Media Using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging
06:34

In Situ Monitoring of Diffusion of Guest Molecules in Porous Media Using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: September 2, 2016

6.5K
Standardized Measurement of Nasal Membrane Transepithelial Potential Difference NPD
09:47

Standardized Measurement of Nasal Membrane Transepithelial Potential Difference NPD

Published on: September 13, 2018

16.5K
A Micro-agar Salt Bridge Electrode for Analyzing the Proton Turnover Rate of Recombinant Membrane Proteins
08:09

A Micro-agar Salt Bridge Electrode for Analyzing the Proton Turnover Rate of Recombinant Membrane Proteins

Published on: January 7, 2019

8.9K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science and Engineering
  • Electrochemistry
  • Separation Science

Background:

  • Selective solute transport across membranes is vital for biological, water treatment, and energy systems.
  • Charged membranes create a Donnan electrical potential at the interface due to ion distribution, enabling permselectivity.
  • Direct measurement of the Donnan potential has been a long-standing challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report the first direct measurement of the Donnan potential in ion exchange membranes (IEMs).
  • To investigate the influence of external salt concentration and counter-ion valence on the Donnan potential.
  • To validate and refine theoretical models of IEMs by comparing direct measurements with predictions.

Main Methods:

  • Equilibration of ion exchange membranes with various salt solutions.
  • Development and application of a novel technique for direct Donnan potential measurement.
  • Analysis of results in conjunction with theoretical models incorporating ion activity coefficients.

Main Results:

  • Successfully achieved the first direct measurement of the Donnan potential for IEMs.
  • Demonstrated a clear dependence of the Donnan potential on external salt concentration and counter-ion valence.
  • Observed reasonable agreement between experimental data and established theoretical models.

Conclusions:

  • Direct measurement of the Donnan potential is feasible and provides critical insights into membrane behavior.
  • The findings support and enhance current theoretical understanding of ion exchange membranes.
  • This direct measurement approach eliminates ambiguities associated with indirect estimation methods.