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Updated: Aug 26, 2025

Rapid Determination of Antibody-Antigen Affinity by Mass Photometry
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Attogram-level light-induced antigen-antibody binding confined in microflow.

Takuya Iida1,2,3,4, Shota Hamatani5,6,7,8,9,10, Yumiko Takagi5,6,8,9

  • 1Department of Physical Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-2 Gakuencho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8570, Japan. t-iida@omu.ac.jp.

Communications Biology
|October 6, 2022
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel laser-based method to rapidly detect attogram-level proteins, significantly enhancing sensitivity for early disease diagnosis. The technique accelerates antigen-antibody reactions for faster, more sensitive protein analysis.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Trace protein analysis is crucial for early disease diagnosis (e.g., cancer, dementia, infections).
  • Current immunoassay methods often require lengthy procedures and lack sufficient sensitivity for early detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a light-induced method for accelerating antigen-antibody reactions.
  • To enhance sensitivity and speed for detecting attogram-level proteins.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized laser irradiation to tune the reaction area at the solid-liquid interface.
  • Employed optical force and fluidic pressure to increase molecular collision probability.
  • Applied microscale confinement geometry for enhanced reaction kinetics.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a 100-fold increase in sensitivity compared to conventional methods.
  • Enabled ultrafast specific protein detection within 3 minutes.
  • Successfully detected 47-750 attograms (ag) of target proteins in 300 nanoliters (nL) of sample.
  • Eliminated the need for pretreatment procedures.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed light-induced acceleration method offers a highly sensitive and rapid approach for protein detection.
  • This technique has the potential to advance proteomics and high-throughput bio-analysis platforms.
  • Facilitates innovative diagnostic tools for various diseases.