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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 26, 2025

Imaging and Analysis for Quantifying Maize (Zea mays) Abiotic Stress Phenotypes
06:41

Imaging and Analysis for Quantifying Maize (Zea mays) Abiotic Stress Phenotypes

Published on: March 28, 2025

995

Maize stomatal responses against the climate change.

Laura Serna1

  • 1Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.

Frontiers in Plant Science
|October 7, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Maize yield can be maintained under climate change by adjusting stomatal traits. Understanding these responses helps in managing this vital crop for future food security.

Area of Science:

  • Plant Physiology
  • Climate Change Biology
  • Agricultural Science

Background:

  • Climate change is increasing drought and heat stress, significantly limiting global crop productivity.
  • Maize, a major global grain crop, is highly vulnerable to these abiotic stresses, causing substantial yield losses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of stomatal regulation of gas exchange in maintaining maize yield under climate change.
  • To understand how maize copes with combined drought and heat stress through stomatal responses.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of stomatal traits (size, pore area, density) in response to drought and heat.
  • Exploration of the molecular regulation of stomatal development (ZmSHR1, ZmSPCHs/ZmICE1) under stress conditions.
  • Assessment of the impact of elevated CO2 on maize yield under drought.
Keywords:
climate changedroughtheatmaizeproductivitystomata

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Main Results:

  • Maize reduces stomatal size and pore area while increasing stomatal density to cope with drought, lowering transpiration and photosynthesis.
  • Heat exacerbates drought stress effects on stomata; ZmSHR1 may regulate stomatal density via ZmSPCHs/ZmICE1 to prevent heat damage.
  • Elevated CO2 levels mitigate yield losses only under mild drought conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Stomatal regulation is a key mechanism for maize yield resilience against climate change-induced drought and heat.
  • Understanding these physiological and developmental responses is crucial for predicting future maize yields and informing crop management strategies.