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Arterial and venous thromboembolism risk associated with blood eosinophils: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Wei-Jie Xu1, Shang Wang2, Ping Yuan2

  • 1Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.

Animal Models and Experimental Medicine
|October 7, 2022
PubMed

Insights

High blood eosinophil (EOS) counts are linked to increased risks of arterial and venous thrombosis, including myocardial infarction and stroke. However, EOS counts show a complex relationship with mortality in coronary artery disease patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Hematology
  • Thrombosis Research

Background:

  • The relationship between blood eosinophil (EOS) counts and the risk of arterial and venous thrombosis remains incompletely understood.
  • This study investigates whether elevated EOS counts serve as a predictive factor for thrombotic events and associated mortality.

Approach:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted across multiple databases and preprint platforms.
  • Eligible studies compared odds ratios or risk ratios of EOS counts with myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and venous thromboembolism (VTE).
  • Twenty-two studies were included in the meta-analysis.

Key Points:

  • High EOS counts correlated with acute coronary artery thrombosis events (OR: 1.23) and short-term risks of cerebral infarction and mortality (RR: 2.87).
  • A significantly higher short-term risk of VTE was observed in patients with EOS-related diseases (RR: 6.52).
  • For coronary artery disease, high EOS counts were protective against 6-month to 1-year mortality (RR: 0.56) but associated with increased long-term mortality (RR: 1.64).

Conclusions:

  • EOS count is not generally associated with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) events but may be linked to NSTEMI and STEMI in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients, requiring further research.
  • EOS counts are associated with increased short- and long-term mortality risks but do not predict composite endpoints.
  • Elevated EOS counts may indicate an increased risk of cerebral infarction, poor short-term prognosis, and VTE, particularly in acute phases of EOS-related diseases.

Keywords:
eosinophilischemic strokemyocardial infarctionpulmonary embolismthrombosis

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