The function of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in COVID-19 lymphopenia

Taosan Li1, Fang Zheng2, Fanjun Cheng1

  • 1Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.

Insights

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) drive lymphopenia in severe COVID-19. Targeting these cells could improve prognosis for patients with COVID-19 and lymphocytopenia.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • COVID-19 pandemic poses a global public health threat.
  • Lymphopenia is a hallmark of severe COVID-19, particularly in older adults, and is linked to disease severity.
  • Understanding lymphocytopenia mechanisms is crucial for reducing COVID-19 mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze research on myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in COVID-19 lymphopenia.
  • To discuss the immunopathologic changes associated with MDSCs in this context.
  • To identify prospective therapeutic targets for COVID-19 lymphocytopenia.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing scientific literature on MDSCs and COVID-19.
  • Analysis of immunopathologic mechanisms.
  • Identification of potential therapeutic strategies.

Main Results:

  • MDSCs are confirmed as key mediators of lymphopenia in COVID-19.
  • MDSCs possess potent T-cell suppressive capabilities, influencing disease progression.
  • Targeting MDSCs shows promise for improving COVID-19 outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • MDSCs play a critical role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19-associated lymphopenia.
  • Therapeutic strategies focused on MDSCs may offer a novel approach to managing severe COVID-19.
  • Further research into MDSC-targeted therapies is warranted for COVID-19 lymphocytopenia.

Related Concept Videos

Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells01:15

Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells

Common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) are oligopotent cells that can differentiate into granulocytes and macrophages. Granulocytes and macrophages are essential for protecting the body against bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. They migrate from the bone marrow into the circulating blood to reach specific tissue sites where they differentiate and help in immune surveillance. However, they survive only for a few days and must be continuously made available to the organism to maintain a robust...
3.3K
Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
1.2K
Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:01

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
3.3K
Disorders of Leukocytes01:27

Disorders of Leukocytes

Leukocyte disorders can lead to either leukopenia, characterized by an abnormally low leukocyte count, or leukocytosis, marked by a very high leukocyte number.
Leukopenia may result from bone marrow disorders, autoimmune diseases, and infectious diseases. For example, conditions such as multiple myeloma and aplastic anemia can impair the bone marrow's ability to produce adequate leukocytes. Similarly, autoimmune diseases like lupus and viral infections such as HIV can prompt the immune...
1.1K
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
1.3K
Functions of the Lymphatic and Immune System01:28

Functions of the Lymphatic and Immune System

The lymphatic system plays a crucial role in bolstering our immune system. It consists of a network of lymphoid organs, lymph, and lymphatic vessels that provide structural and functional support in safeguarding the body against pathogens such as viruses and bacteria.
The primary lymphoid organs, including the bone marrow and the thymus, serve as the maturation sites for lymphocytes. Secondary lymphoid organs, like the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue, activate these lymphocytes and serve as...
4.0K