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Glucocorticoids regulate adrenal opiate peptides.

E F La Gamma, J E Adler

    Brain Research
    |July 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Adrenal cortical steroids tonically regulate Leu-enkephalin levels. Glucocorticoids, via nuclear receptors, enhance enkephalin biosynthesis in adrenal medullae, suggesting dual hormonal and neural control.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroendocrinology
    • Molecular Endocrinology
    • Adrenal Gland Physiology

    Background:

    • Adrenal catecholamine biosynthesis is regulated by glucocorticoids and neural activity.
    • The regulation of the adrenal opiate peptide system is less understood.
    • Previous work suggests impulse activity influences adrenal opiate peptides.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the hormonal control of adrenal opiate peptides.
    • To determine if glucocorticoid hormones regulate enkephalin biosynthesis in the adrenal medulla.

    Main Methods:

    • Pharmacological destruction of the adrenal cortex to assess baseline Leu-enkephalin.
    • Culture of adrenal medullae as explants.
    • Treatment of explants with dexamethasone or corticosterone, with or without receptor antagonists or nuclear translocation inhibitors.

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    Main Results:

    • Destruction of the adrenal cortex decreased baseline Leu-enkephalin levels, indicating tonic steroid control.
    • Glucocorticoid hormones (dexamethasone, corticosterone) increased Leu-enkephalin levels in cultured medullae dose-dependently.
    • Glucocorticoid effects were mediated via the glucocorticoid receptor and nuclear translocation.
    • Glucocorticoid-independent mechanisms also contribute to enkephalin regulation in this system.

    Conclusions:

    • Adrenal opiate peptides, similar to catecholamines, are under dual regulation by hormones and neural activity.
    • Glucocorticoids play a significant role in regulating enkephalin biosynthesis.
    • The interplay between hormonal and neural regulation may fine-tune biochemical and behavioral responses.