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Risk for uveitis relapse after COVID-19 vaccination
Zhenyu Zhong1, Qiuying Wu1, Yuxian Lai1
1The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, And Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, China.
Journal of Autoimmunity
|October 9, 2022
Summary
COVID-19 vaccination may trigger uveitis relapse. Systemic glucocorticoid use at vaccination time was linked to a reduced risk, with higher doses showing a greater protective effect against uveitis flare-ups.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Immunology
- Vaccinology
Background:
- Several studies suggest a link between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination and uveitis, a vision-threatening inflammatory eye condition.
- Uveitis is often associated with autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases, raising concerns about vaccine-induced relapses.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate factors influencing the risk of uveitis relapse following COVID-19 vaccination.
- To provide guidance for preventing uveitis disease flares post-vaccination.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 438 non-COVID-19 patients receiving 857 vaccine doses.
- Uveitis relapse defined by worsening intraocular inflammation per Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature criteria.
- Time to relapse after vaccination compared across participants with varying factors.
Main Results:
- 39 uveitis relapse episodes occurred within 30 days of vaccination in 34 patients.
- Median time to relapse was 5 days post-vaccination.
- Concomitant systemic glucocorticoid use at vaccination was independently associated with decreased relapse risk (HR 0.23).
Conclusions:
- Systemic glucocorticoid treatment for uveitis at the time of COVID-19 vaccination is associated with a dose-dependent reduction in relapse risk.
- Higher doses of systemic glucocorticoids demonstrated a trend towards greater risk attenuation.
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