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Severe community-acquired pneumonia caused by Chlamydia pecorum
Lizhen Cao1, Lin He2, Siyuan Wang2
1Department for Pulmonology, Qitai Hospital of the Sixth Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Qitai, China.
Summary
The first human Chlamydia pecorum infection caused severe pneumonia. Early diagnosis and targeted treatment led to rapid recovery, highlighting potential zoonotic transmission risks.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Human Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
Background:
- Chlamydia pecorum is a known pathogen in livestock.
- Zoonotic transmission of C. pecorum to humans is rare but possible.
- Community-acquired pneumonia requires accurate etiological diagnosis.
Observation:
- A 51-year-old male farmer presented with severe pneumonia and respiratory failure.
- The patient had a history of close contact with sheep and underlying diabetes mellitus.
- C. pecorum was identified as the causative agent in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.
Findings:
- Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) detected C. pecorum.
- Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and complement fixation tests confirmed the diagnosis.
- The patient showed rapid clinical improvement following targeted antimicrobial therapy.
Implications:
- This case represents the first documented human infection with C. pecorum.
- It underscores the potential for zoonotic transmission of C. pecorum to humans.
- The findings suggest a need to consider C. pecorum in the differential diagnosis of severe pneumonia, especially in individuals with relevant exposure history.
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