Comparisons of Three Methods for Myopia Control in Adolescents

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Pediatric Medicine
• Optometry

Background:

• Adolescent myopia prevalence is increasing due to rising electronic device usage.
• Optimal myopia control strategies require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the efficacy of single vision (SV) spectacle lenses with 0.01% atropine eye drops (SV+A), orthokeratology (OK) lenses, and peripheral defocus (PD) spectacle lenses for myopia control in adolescents.

Main Methods:

• 150 myopic adolescents were divided into three groups: SV+A, OK, and PD (50 patients each).
• Spherical equivalent, axial length, accommodative response, and intraocular pressure were measured before and after 12 months.
• Complications were recorded.

Main Results:

• SV+A and OK groups showed significantly less increase in spherical equivalent and axial length compared to the PD group.
• The SV+A group exhibited the lowest axial length growth.
• OK and PD groups demonstrated significantly higher accommodative sensitivity and lower accommodative lag than the SV+A group.
• No significant differences in intraocular pressure or complications were observed among the groups.

Conclusions:

• SV+A, OK, and PD lenses effectively control adolescent myopia progression.
• SV+A and OK lenses demonstrated more significant myopia control effects compared to PD lenses.