Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Flashbulb Memory01:16

Flashbulb Memory

126
A flashbulb memory is a highly vivid and detailed memory, often linked to events of significant emotional impact. These memories stand out in contrast to everyday memories due to their clarity and the precision with which they are recalled. The strong emotions associated with the event act as a catalyst, ensuring that specific details, such as one's location, actions, and even peripheral elements, are etched into memory with remarkable accuracy. For example, many people can vividly recall...
126
RC Circuits: Charging A Capacitor01:30

RC Circuits: Charging A Capacitor

3.8K
A circuit containing resistance and capacitance is called an RC circuit. A capacitor is an electrical component that stores electric charge by storing energy in an electric field. Consider a simple RC circuit having a DC (direct current) voltage source ε, a resistor R, a capacitor C, and a two-way position switch. In the circuit, the capacitor can be charged or discharged depending on the position of the switch.
When the switch is moved to connect the battery, the circuit reduces to a simple...
3.8K
Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways01:22

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

6.3K
At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...
6.3K
Muscle Stimulation Frequency01:22

Muscle Stimulation Frequency

2.5K
The contraction strength of muscles is regulated by motor neurons, which modulate the frequency of action potentials dispatched to the motor units based on the body's requirements. This process of varying the muscle stimulation frequency allows muscles to contract with a force that is precisely tailored to the needs of the moment, whether lifting a feather or a heavy box.
Wave summation
At low firing rates, motor neurons induce individual twitch contractions in muscle fibers. These twitches...
2.5K
Effects of Creep01:25

Effects of Creep

213
Creep in concrete, the gradual deformation under prolonged stress, significantly impacts the integrity of structures. For reinforced concrete beams, it can be a vital design consideration, as it increases deflection, sometimes necessitating additional design measures. In columns, especially slender ones under eccentric loads, creep can cause buckling, compromising their stability. However, creep can be beneficial in indeterminate structures by mitigating stresses that arise from shrinkage,...
213

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

GSTM3 alleviates FLASH X-ray-induced testicular injury by modulating the ferroptosis pathway.

Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology·2026
Same author

Preclinical evaluation of <sup>89</sup>Zr/<sup>177</sup>Lu/<sup>161</sup>Tb-labeled anti-CD228 monoclonal antibody for theranostics in skin cutaneous melanoma.

European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V·2026
Same author

A Theranostic Study of <sup>177</sup>Lu-Labeled Anti-ADAM9 Antibody for the Treatment of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Bioconjugate chemistry·2026
Same author

Nitrogen-Doped Porous Carbon Enabled by a Dual-Functional NH<sub>4</sub>Cl-Assisted Strategy for Quasi-Solid-State Supercapacitors.

Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids·2026
Same author

One-step synthesis of a Tb-PET MOF for quantitative visual sensing of Anthrax biomarker.

Food chemistry: X·2026
Same author

The Quasi-Adiabatic Graphite Calorimeter for Absolute Dosimetry in Ultrahigh Dose Rate FLASH X-Ray Radiation Therapy.

International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 26, 2025

Flash-and-Freeze: A Novel Technique to Capture Membrane Dynamics with Electron Microscopy
10:01

Flash-and-Freeze: A Novel Technique to Capture Membrane Dynamics with Electron Microscopy

Published on: May 1, 2017

14.1K

Mechanisms of FLASH effect.

Binwei Lin1,2, Dan Huang3, Feng Gao1

  • 1National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation, Mianyang Central Hospital, Department of Oncology, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, China.

Frontiers in Oncology
|October 10, 2022
PubMed
Summary

FLASH radiotherapy (ultra-high dose rate radiotherapy) spares healthy tissue while maintaining tumor control. Its precise biological mechanisms, potentially oxygen-dependent, require further investigation.

Keywords:
FLASH radiotherapyconventional dose-rate radiotherapymechanismoxygenradiobiology

More Related Videos

Flash Photolysis of Caged Compounds in the Cilia of Olfactory Sensory Neurons
11:35

Flash Photolysis of Caged Compounds in the Cilia of Olfactory Sensory Neurons

Published on: October 29, 2011

12.9K
Photostimulation by Femtosecond Laser Activates Extracellular-signal-regulated Kinase ERK Signaling or Mitochondrial Events in Target Cells
11:00

Photostimulation by Femtosecond Laser Activates Extracellular-signal-regulated Kinase ERK Signaling or Mitochondrial Events in Target Cells

Published on: July 6, 2019

6.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 26, 2025

Flash-and-Freeze: A Novel Technique to Capture Membrane Dynamics with Electron Microscopy
10:01

Flash-and-Freeze: A Novel Technique to Capture Membrane Dynamics with Electron Microscopy

Published on: May 1, 2017

14.1K
Flash Photolysis of Caged Compounds in the Cilia of Olfactory Sensory Neurons
11:35

Flash Photolysis of Caged Compounds in the Cilia of Olfactory Sensory Neurons

Published on: October 29, 2011

12.9K
Photostimulation by Femtosecond Laser Activates Extracellular-signal-regulated Kinase ERK Signaling or Mitochondrial Events in Target Cells
11:00

Photostimulation by Femtosecond Laser Activates Extracellular-signal-regulated Kinase ERK Signaling or Mitochondrial Events in Target Cells

Published on: July 6, 2019

6.9K

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Radiation Oncology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • FLASH radiotherapy (FLASH-RT) is an innovative ultra-high dose rate (≥ 40 Gy/s) radiation technique.
  • FLASH-RT demonstrates a unique ability to reduce damage to healthy tissues while preserving its effectiveness against tumors.
  • The biological underpinnings of FLASH-RT are thought to involve oxygen-related mechanisms, but evidence remains indirect and sometimes conflicting.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically review the current understanding of the biological effects of FLASH-RT.
  • To elucidate the proposed mechanisms, particularly the role of oxygen.
  • To identify knowledge gaps and suggest future research directions for FLASH-RT.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of preclinical and clinical studies on FLASH-RT.
  • Analysis of research investigating the biological response to ultra-high dose rate radiation.
  • Synthesis of findings related to oxygen's role in FLASH-RT's differential effects.

Main Results:

  • FLASH-RT exhibits a significant therapeutic window, sparing normal tissues more than conventional radiotherapy.
  • Antitumor efficacy is maintained or even enhanced with FLASH-RT compared to standard dose rates.
  • Oxygen's involvement is a leading hypothesis, but direct evidence and precise molecular pathways are not fully established.

Conclusions:

  • FLASH-RT represents a promising advancement in radiation oncology with a superior safety profile.
  • Further research is crucial to definitively clarify the oxygen-dependent mechanisms driving FLASH-RT's biological effects.
  • Understanding these mechanisms will optimize FLASH-RT protocols for improved cancer treatment outcomes.