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Factors Impacting Life Expectancy in Bahrain: Evidence from 1971 to 2020 Data.

Anak Agung Bagus Wirayuda1, Abdulaziz Al-Mahrezi1, Moon Fai Chan1

  • 1108707Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, 37611Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.

International Journal of Health Services : Planning, Administration, Evaluation
|October 10, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Macroeconomic and health resources significantly impact life expectancy (LE) in Bahrain. Policies integrating socioeconomic and health factors are crucial for population health outcomes.

Keywords:
BahrainPLS-SEMdeterminantsfactorshealth resourceshealth statuslife expectancymacroeconomicsociodemographicstructural equation model

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Health Economics
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Life expectancy (LE) is a key indicator of national quality of life.
  • Previous research identified economic, health status and resources (HSR), and sociodemographic (SD) factors influencing LE.
  • No prior studies have examined these factors in Bahrain over the last five decades.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an explanatory model for the impact of HSR, macroeconomic (ME), and SD factors on LE in Bahrain.
  • To analyze the direct and indirect relationships between these factors and LE.
  • To provide evidence-based recommendations for population health policy in Bahrain.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective time-series design utilizing annual data from 1971 to 2020.
  • Data collected on sociodemographic, macroeconomic, health status and resources, and life expectancy indicators for Bahrain.
  • Partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) applied for data analysis.

Main Results:

  • Macroeconomic factors (ME) demonstrated a significant direct effect on LE (0.463, P < .001).
  • Health status and resources (HSR) showed a significant direct effect on LE (0.595, P < .001).
  • ME indirectly influenced LE via SD and HSR (0.488, P < .001), while SD indirectly affected LE through HSR (0.496, P < .001).

Conclusions:

  • Maintaining health resource provision is vital, especially during socioeconomic downturns, due to its direct impact on LE.
  • An integrated policy approach addressing both socioeconomic and health-related factors is recommended to safeguard Bahrain's future population health.
  • The study provides a comprehensive model for understanding LE determinants in Bahrain.