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ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Sedoreoviridae 2022
Jelle Matthijnssens1, Houssam Attoui2, Krisztián Bányai3
1University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
The Journal of General Virology
|October 10, 2022
Summary
The Sedoreoviridae virus family comprises non-enveloped viruses with segmented dsRNA genomes, infecting a wide range of hosts. Some Sedoreoviridae viruses pose significant pathogenic risks to humans, livestock, and plants.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Molecular Biology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- The family Sedoreoviridae includes icosahedral, non-enveloped viruses.
- These viruses possess segmented double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) genomes, typically with 10-12 linear segments totaling 18-26 kilobase pairs (kbp).
- Sedoreovirids exhibit a broad host range, infecting diverse organisms including mammals, birds, crustaceans, arthropods, algae, and plants.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) report on the family Sedoreoviridae.
- To consolidate current knowledge on the taxonomy, characteristics, and host interactions of Sedoreoviridae.
- To highlight the pathogenic potential of certain members within the Sedoreoviridae family.
Main Methods:
- Review and synthesis of data presented in the official ICTV report on Sedoreoviridae.
- Analysis of viral genome structure, morphology, and host range.
- Compilation of information on medically and agriculturally significant Sedoreoviridae species.
Main Results:
- Sedoreoviridae viruses are characterized by their icosahedral structure and segmented dsRNA genomes.
- The family demonstrates a wide host tropism, impacting various animal and plant species.
- Notable pathogenic members include Rotavirus A (human), Bluetongue virus (livestock), and Rice dwarf virus (plants).
Conclusions:
- The ICTV report provides an updated classification and characterization of the Sedoreoviridae family.
- Understanding Sedoreoviridae is crucial due to the significant disease burden caused by some of its members.
- Further research into Sedoreoviridae can inform strategies for disease prevention and control in humans, animals, and plants.
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