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Aortic Stenosis: New Insights in Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention

Saki Ito1, Jae K Oh2

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.

Korean Circulation Journal
|October 11, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Aortic stenosis (AS) is a growing concern in the elderly population. Early detection and new treatments like transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) are crucial for managing this complex heart disease.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Valvular Heart Disease

Background:

  • Aortic stenosis (AS) is a prevalent valvular heart disease, with increasing global incidence due to aging populations.
  • AS in the elderly often presents with complex comorbidities beyond left ventricular outflow obstruction.
  • Identifying high-risk patients and enabling earlier AS detection is critical for timely intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding and managing aortic stenosis.
  • To discuss the evolving role of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in AS management.
  • To explore emerging medical therapies for preventing or slowing AS progression.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of recent findings in aortic stenosis.
  • Analysis of current evidence regarding transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) efficacy and safety.
  • Examination of ongoing randomized controlled trials for novel medical therapies.

Main Results:

  • Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has demonstrated efficacy and safety in severe AS.
  • Growing interest exists in applying TAVR to patients with less than severe AS.
  • Medical therapies to mitigate AS progression are under active investigation.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of aortic stenosis requires addressing its complexity and comorbidities in the elderly.
  • Earlier detection and risk stratification are paramount for optimizing patient outcomes.
  • Future strategies will likely involve a combination of TAVR and novel medical therapies to manage AS progression.

Keywords:
Artificial intelligencePrognosisTranscatheter aortic valve replacement

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