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Related Concept Videos

Zygotic Development And Stem Cell Formation01:10

Zygotic Development And Stem Cell Formation

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The development of all multicellular organisms starts with the fusion of haploid cells called sperm and egg to form a diploid zygote. A zygote is a totipotent cell that can develop into a complete organism. The zygote undergoes cell division or cleavage to form an 8-cell mass. Until this stage, the cells are spherical, loosely attached, and remain totipotent. Totipotent cells are capable of developing both the embryonic and the extraembryonic tissues. However, as they continue to divide, they...
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Source And Potency Of Stem Cells01:27

Source And Potency Of Stem Cells

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with extensive self-renewal properties that help them maintain their population during the fetal and adult stages of life. They can specialize in all cell types of the human body. However, their differential potential may vary and can be classified into five types. Stem cells can be (1) Totipotent, (2) Pluripotent, (3) Multipotent, (4) Oligopotent, and (5) Unipotent. Each stem cell has a specific origin; the fertilized egg or zygote is a totipotent cell and...
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Stem Cell Niche01:26

Stem Cell Niche

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The stem cell niche is the dynamic microenvironment where stem cells reside. Inside these niches, the cells may remain undifferentiated, undergo high self-renewal, or become lineage-specific progenitors. Stem cells coexist with other niche cells, such as stromal cells. They also interact closely with the ECM. Cell-cell and cell-matrix communication occur via adhesion molecules or soluble factors that signal the stem cells and determine their fate. Stromal cells also provide survival signals to...
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Stem Cell Culture01:17

Stem Cell Culture

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Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
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Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells01:18

Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells

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A stem cell is an unspecialized cell that can divide without limit as needed and can, under specific conditions, differentiate into specialized cells.
Adult stem cells
Adult stem cells are tissue-specific; hence, they divide to develop the tissue from which they originate. One type of adult stem cell is the epithelial stem cell, which gives rise to the keratinocytes in the multiple layers of epithelial cells in the epidermis of the skin. Adult bone marrow has three distinct types of stem cells:...
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells01:19

Mesenchymal Stem Cells

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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their...
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Directed Differentiation of Primitive and Definitive Hematopoietic Progenitors from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
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Tracing the developmental origin of tissue stem cells.

Ritsuko Morita1, Hironobu Fujiwara1

  • 1Laboratory for Tissue Microenvironment, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), Kobe, Japan.

Development, Growth & Differentiation
|October 11, 2022
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Summary

Tissue stem cells, crucial for organ repair, originate during development. Recent advances reveal their formation mechanisms and how their fate aligns with tissue structure.

Keywords:
lineage tracingorigin of tissue stem cellsstem cell plasticitytelescope modeltissue topology

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Tissue stem cells are essential for maintaining organ function and regeneration.
  • Their formation during organ development requires precise spatial-temporal coordination.
  • Understanding stem cell origins is key to regenerative therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize recent findings on the developmental origins of tissue stem cells.
  • To explore the molecular, cellular, and biophysical bases of stem cell formation.
  • To discuss the coordination of stem cell fate with tissue topology.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature on tissue stem cell development.
  • Analysis of technological advances in cellular dynamics and lineage tracing.
  • Integration of data on morphological changes and cell fate specification.

Main Results:

  • Recent studies have identified the origins of stem cells in various organs, including hair follicles, intestines, brain, skeletal muscles, and the hematopoietic system.
  • Technological advancements allow for detailed tracing of cell dynamics and lineages.
  • The molecular, cellular, and biophysical factors governing stem cell formation are becoming clearer.

Conclusions:

  • The developmental origin and formation of tissue stem cells are complex processes.
  • Stem cell fate specification is intricately linked with tissue architecture and topology.
  • Further research into these areas holds promise for regenerative medicine.