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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
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If a magnetic field is sustained, there must be a current in a closed circuit or loop, implying some energy has been spent in creating the field. If this energy is not dissipated via the circuit's resistance, it is stored in the field.
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Since eddy currents occur only in conductors, magnets can separate metals from other materials. For example, in a recycling center, trash is dumped in batches down a ramp, beneath which lies a powerful magnet. Conductors in the trash are slowed by eddy currents, while nonmetals in the trash move on, separating from the metals. This works for all metals, not just ferromagnetic ones.
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Untethered: using remote magnetic fields for regenerative medicine.

Parth Chansoria1, Hao Liu1, Michael G Christiansen1

  • 1Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland.

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Magnetic fields enable noncontact manipulation of cells and biomaterials for regenerative medicine. This review covers magnetic field applications in cell homing, tissue fabrication, and cell fate control for advanced therapies.

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magnetic fieldsmagnetic materialsregenerative medicinetissue engineering

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Biomaterials Science

Background:

  • Magnetic fields offer noncontact, remote manipulation capabilities crucial for advanced biomedical applications.
  • Current regenerative medicine strategies increasingly leverage magnetic fields for precise control over biological components.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent trends in utilizing magnetic fields for regenerative medicine (RM).
  • To survey the design and control principles of magnetic manipulation systems for RM applications.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent advancements in magnetic field applications for regenerative medicine.
  • Analysis of magnetic manipulation system designs, control principles, capabilities, and limitations.

Main Results:

  • Magnetic fields are used for targeted cell and particle homing to specific tissue sites.
  • Applications include biomimetic tissue fabrication and controlling cell fate and proliferation.
  • Magnetic manipulation systems offer tunable control but have limitations that require further research.

Conclusions:

  • Magnetic field-based strategies show significant promise for diverse regenerative medicine applications.
  • Understanding system design and control is key to optimizing magnetic field-based regenerative therapies.
  • Future research should focus on overcoming limitations to enhance the efficacy of these strategies.