Individual Identification in Facial Appearance Biometrics Based on Macroscopical Comparison

Area of Science:

• Forensic science
• Biometrics
• Image analysis

Background:

• Individual identification is crucial in forensic science, traditionally relying on unique biological traits like DNA and fingerprints.
• The rise in video image investigations necessitates advanced methods for identifying individuals using facial appearance biometrics.
• Macroscopic comparison of facial features is gaining importance in forensic identification.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review individual facial appearance biometric methods based on macroscopic comparison.
• To analyze the advantages and limitations of various facial identification techniques.
• To provide recommendations and future prospects for research in facial biometrics.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on facial appearance biometric methods.
• Analysis of computer three-dimensional (3D) modeling techniques.
• Evaluation of 3D superimposition comparison technology for forensic identification.

Main Results:

• Significant progress has been made in individual identification using 3D modeling and superimposition.
• Different macroscopic facial comparison methods exhibit varying strengths and weaknesses.
• The study provides a comprehensive overview of current facial biometric identification capabilities.

Conclusions:

• Facial appearance biometrics, particularly 3D methods, offer promising avenues for individual identification in forensics.
• Further research is needed to refine these techniques and address their limitations.
• Continued development in facial biometrics will enhance forensic investigations involving image data.