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Related Concept Videos

Drug Delivery: Overview01:16

Drug Delivery: Overview

367
The selection of a drug's delivery route depends upon its physicochemical properties, including lipid or water solubility and ionization, as well as the therapeutic requirement, such as immediate or sustained effect. These routes can be divided into three primary categories: enteral, parenteral, and topical.
Enteral delivery involves administering drugs directly through swallowing, sublingual placement, or buccal application. Orally administered drugs predominantly navigate the...
367
Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes01:22

Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes

442
Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection,  and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs...
442
Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route01:29

Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route

751
The parenteral route is a critical method of drug administration. It delivers compounds directly into the systemic circulation and bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. This approach is particularly advantageous for drugs that exhibit poor absorption or instability when administered orally.
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...
751
Drug Delivery: Enteral Route01:18

Drug Delivery: Enteral Route

643
The enteral drug administration involves three primary routes: oral, sublingual, and buccal. Oral ingestion is the most prevalent, safe, economical, and convenient method for drug administration. However, it has certain drawbacks, including limited absorption due to the drug's low water solubility or poor membrane permeability, possible emesis from GI mucosa irritation, destruction of drugs by digestive enzymes or low gastric pH, and irregular absorption along with food or other drugs.
643
Routes of Drug Administration: Overview01:22

Routes of Drug Administration: Overview

6.7K
Drug administration involves delivering drugs to the body through various routes, such as enteral, parenteral, and topical.
Enteral administration refers to drugs absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract. They can be swallowed (perorally), placed under the tongue (sublingually), or on the inner lining of the cheeks (buccally). Perorally administered drugs take time to be absorbed and have a slower onset of action. The rectal route is another form of enteral administration, which allows for...
6.7K
Routes of Drug Administration: Parenteral01:25

Routes of Drug Administration: Parenteral

2.1K
The administration of drugs via parenteral routes allows for direct drug introduction into the systemic circulation, resulting in high bioavailability because the medication bypasses the harsh conditions of the gastrointestinal tract and hepatic metabolism.
The intravenous route (IV) of drug administration can be further categorized into two types. The bolus injection administers the entire dose rapidly, while an intravenous infusion slowly delivers smaller doses steadily.
The IV route is often...
2.1K

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Transdermal delivery via medical device technologies.

Shubhangi Shukla1, Ryan H Huston2, Blake D Cox3

  • 1Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.

Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery
|October 12, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Developing effective drug delivery systems for poorly soluble drugs is crucial. Technologies like 3D printing offer promising solutions for enhanced lipid-soluble drug administration and targeted delivery.

Keywords:
3D printingAdditive manufacturingdrug deliveryhollow microneedlesinkjet printingiontophoresiswater-insoluble drugs

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Many essential drugs exhibit poor aqueous solubility, limiting their therapeutic efficacy and administration routes.
  • The demand for targeted drug delivery necessitates formulations with improved lipid solubility for better pharmacokinetic profiles.
  • Developing reliable methods for administering lipophilic drugs remains a significant challenge in pharmaceutical development.

Conclusions:

  • 3D printing and iontophoresis represent innovative approaches for overcoming challenges in lipophilic drug delivery.
  • Further research and development are required to facilitate broader clinical and commercial implementation of these technologies.
  • Enhanced drug delivery systems are vital for improving patient outcomes and therapeutic effectiveness.