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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Manufacturing Simple and Inexpensive Soil Surface Temperature and Gravimetric Water Content Sensors
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Self-Powered Edible Defrosting Sensor.

Ivan K Ilic1, Leonardo Lamanna1, Daniele Cortecchia1

  • 1Center for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Giovanni Pascoli 70/3, Milano 20133, Italy.

ACS Sensors
|October 12, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel edible sensor detects food defrosting events using a galvanic and ionochromic cell. This technology helps reduce food waste and ensures frozen food safety throughout the supply chain.

Keywords:
defrostingdetectorsedible electronicsfoodgalvanic cellsionochromismionotronicssensors

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Area of Science:

  • Food Science
  • Materials Science
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Improper freezing of food leads to significant food waste and environmental concerns.
  • Current methods for monitoring frozen food integrity are often inadequate or costly.
  • There is a need for accessible and reliable indicators of defrosting events.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an innovative, edible sensor capable of detecting food defrosting events.
  • To create a low-energy, environmentally friendly solution for monitoring frozen food quality.
  • To provide a tunable sensor for flexible application across the food supply chain.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a sensor by coupling a temperature-activated galvanic cell with an ionochromic cell using edible materials.
  • The galvanic cell generates current above the freezing point of its aqueous electrolyte.
  • The ionochromic cell uses this current to release tin ions, causing a color change with natural dyes.

Main Results:

  • The sensor successfully detects defrosting events through a visible color change.
  • The detection temperature threshold is tunable between 0 and -50 °C.
  • The device can function as both a sensor (measuring exposure duration) and a detector (signaling exposure).

Conclusions:

  • The developed edible sensor offers a promising solution for monitoring frozen food integrity.
  • Its tunable nature and simple fabrication make it suitable for various supply chain applications.
  • This technology can enhance food safety, reduce waste, and benefit both industry professionals and consumers.