Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Exosomes and Related microRNAs in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease

Area of Science:

• Biomedical research
• Cardiovascular science
• Regenerative medicine

Background:

• Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a major global health concern, leading to vascular occlusion and ischemic necrosis.
• Early prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis are crucial for managing ASCVD.
• Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) and their exosomes are emerging as significant players in cardiovascular disease research.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the role of exosomes derived from adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD).
• To explore the therapeutic potential of ASC-derived exosomes and their associated microRNAs in managing ASCVD.

Main Methods:

• Literature review focusing on studies investigating ASC-derived exosomes and their effects in cardiovascular disease models.
• Analysis of mechanisms including macrophage polarization, endothelial function, anti-apoptosis, and angiogenesis.

Main Results:

• ASC-derived exosomes demonstrate significant therapeutic effects in cardiovascular disease research.
• Key mechanisms involve modulating macrophage polarization, enhancing endothelial function, promoting anti-apoptosis, and stimulating angiogenesis.
• Specific microRNAs within these exosomes play a crucial role in ASCVD pathogenesis and treatment.

Conclusions:

• ASC-derived exosomes represent a promising cell-free therapeutic strategy for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
• Targeting macrophage polarization, endothelial function, and angiogenesis via ASC exosomes offers novel treatment avenues.
• Further research into ASC-derived exosomes and their microRNAs is warranted for clinical translation in ASCVD management.