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Updated: Aug 26, 2025

Microwave-assisted Intramolecular Dehydrogenative Diels-Alder Reactions for the Synthesis of Functionalized Naphthalenes/Solvatochromic Dyes
Published on: April 1, 2013
Four-Component Cyclization of Naphthol/Thionaphthol/Naphthylamine, Formaldehyde, and DBU in Water
Xiang Liu1, Yuhan Wang1, Songxin Wu1
1School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528458, P. R. China.
Abstract:
A practical and environmentally benign cascade multicomponent condensation of naphthol/thionaphthol/naphthylamine, formaldehyde, and DBU in water without any catalysts has been achieved. A wide variety of dihydrooxazine, dihydrothiazine, and tetrahydrobenzoquinazoline derivatives N-substituted with a tether bearing a caprolactam unit were afforded in moderate to good yields. The advantages of being cost-effective, metal-free, and easily handled and the use of water as medium made this protocol conform with the principle of green synthesis.
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