Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Background and Environment Affect Phenotype02:27

Background and Environment Affect Phenotype

6.7K
Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
6.7K
Gene-Environment Interactions01:20

Gene-Environment Interactions

410
Gene expression is a dynamic process that is significantly influenced by environmental factors. This interaction underlies the complex nature of biological development and the phenotypic differences observed among individuals, even among those with identical genetic makeups. Factors such as radiation, temperature, behavior, nutrition, and stress play pivotal roles in determining how genes are expressed. The concept of the reaction range is central to understanding this interaction. It posits...
410
Epistasis Analysis01:09

Epistasis Analysis

5.1K
Although Mendel chose seven unrelated traits in peas to study gene segregation, most traits involve multiple gene interactions that create a spectrum of phenotypes. When the interaction of various genes or alleles at different locations influences a phenotype, this is called epistasis. Epistasis often involves one gene masking or interfering with the expression of another (antagonistic epistasis). Epistasis often occurs when different genes are part of the same biochemical pathway. The...
5.1K
Incomplete Dominance01:43

Incomplete Dominance

25.3K
Gregor Mendel's work (1822 - 1884) was primarily focused on pea plants. Through his initial experiments, he determined that every gene in a diploid cell has two variants called alleles inherited from each parent. He suggested that amongst these two alleles, one allele is dominant in character and the other recessive. The combination of alleles determines the phenotype of a gene in an organism.
25.3K
Genetic Variation01:25

Genetic Variation

359
Genetic variation is the diversity in DNA sequences found among individuals of the same species. This diversity is crucial for a species' survival because it helps organisms adapt to environmental changes. Genetic variation begins with fertilization, where an egg and sperm cell merge. Each of these cells carries 23 chromosomes, up to 46 in the fertilized egg. Chromosomes are long DNA strands that contain genes, the basic units of heredity.
Genes exist in different versions called alleles,...
359
Behavioral Genetics and Its Designs01:23

Behavioral Genetics and Its Designs

477
Behavior genetics explores how genetic inheritance influences human behavior. It focuses on how genes, passed from parents to offspring, contribute to the development of behavioral traits and tendencies. This branch of genetics seeks to understand the complex interplay between inherited genetic factors and environmental influences in shaping our behaviors.
The primary methodologies used in behavior genetics include family studies, twin studies, and adoption studies, each providing unique...
477

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Comprehensive genomic profiling of neuroendocrine neoplasms of the colorectum.

Frontiers in genetics·2026
Same author

Toward a comprehensive standard for sustainable regenerated activated Carbon: Performance, Safety, and carbon reduction benefits.

Waste management (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same author

Gegen Huazhuo Tang (GHT) inhibits 7-KDCA and increases TGR5 to promote white fat browning.

Journal of ethnopharmacology·2025
Same author

The predictive value of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio combined with the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events score for inhospital adverse cardiovascular events in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction.

Journal of research in medical sciences : the official journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences·2025
Same author

Macrophage-targeted <i>Mms6</i> mRNA-lipid nanoparticles promote locomotor functional recovery after traumatic spinal cord injury in mice.

Science advances·2025
Same author

Enzyme-activatable kidney-targeted dendrimer-drug conjugate for efficient childhood nephrotic syndrome therapy.

Theranostics·2024
Same journal

Analysis of strength degradation of coal and rock masses and stability of mined areas under long term immersion environment.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Biogenic Silver-Selenium nanocomposite with anticancer activity and potent efficacy against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Preparation and physicochemical characterization of a biodegradable chitosan/carboxymethyl cellulose hydrogel synthesized in NaOH/urea medium.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Action-guilt, survivor-guilt, and depression in combat-related PTSD.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Explainable machine learning for predicting activities of daily living at discharge in stroke patients: A retrospective study using SHAP interpretability.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Deep learning based two-way feature depiction model for brain tumor detection.

PloS one·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 26, 2025

Screening for Functional Non-coding Genetic Variants Using Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay EMSA and DNA-affinity Precipitation Assay DAPA
11:35

Screening for Functional Non-coding Genetic Variants Using Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay EMSA and DNA-affinity Precipitation Assay DAPA

Published on: August 21, 2016

13.1K

Kernel-based gene-environment interaction tests for rare variants with multiple quantitative phenotypes.

Xiaoqin Jin1, Gang Shi1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.

Plos One
|October 12, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New methods for gene-environment interaction (GEI) testing in rare variants with multiple phenotypes were developed. The heterogeneous kernel (Het-GEI) and projection phenotype kernel (PPK-GEI) tests showed superior power for detecting GEI pleiotropy.

More Related Videos

Candidate Gene Testing in Clinical Cohort Studies with Multiplexed Genotyping and Mass Spectrometry
05:53

Candidate Gene Testing in Clinical Cohort Studies with Multiplexed Genotyping and Mass Spectrometry

Published on: June 21, 2018

10.2K
In Vivo Modeling of the Morbid Human Genome using Danio rerio
12:31

In Vivo Modeling of the Morbid Human Genome using Danio rerio

Published on: August 24, 2013

20.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 26, 2025

Screening for Functional Non-coding Genetic Variants Using Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay EMSA and DNA-affinity Precipitation Assay DAPA
11:35

Screening for Functional Non-coding Genetic Variants Using Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay EMSA and DNA-affinity Precipitation Assay DAPA

Published on: August 21, 2016

13.1K
Candidate Gene Testing in Clinical Cohort Studies with Multiplexed Genotyping and Mass Spectrometry
05:53

Candidate Gene Testing in Clinical Cohort Studies with Multiplexed Genotyping and Mass Spectrometry

Published on: June 21, 2018

10.2K
In Vivo Modeling of the Morbid Human Genome using Danio rerio
12:31

In Vivo Modeling of the Morbid Human Genome using Danio rerio

Published on: August 24, 2013

20.8K

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Statistical Genetics
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Gene-environment interactions (GEIs) can affect multiple correlated phenotypes (GEI pleiotropy).
  • Joint analysis of multiple phenotypes increases power compared to single-phenotype GEI tests.
  • Methods for GEI testing of rare variants across multiple phenotypes are lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate multiphenotype GEI tests for rare variants.
  • To model correlations among GEI effects on multiple quantitative phenotypes.
  • To identify novel GEIs influencing blood pressure traits.

Main Methods:

  • Proposed four multiphenotype GEI tests: homogeneous kernel (Hom-GEI), heterogeneous kernel (Het-GEI), projection phenotype kernel (PPK-GEI), and linear phenotype kernel (LPK-GEI).
  • Modeled GEI effect correlations using four kernels.
  • Conducted numerical simulations to assess test power.
  • Applied Het-GEI and PPK-GEI to UK Biobank data for systolic and diastolic blood pressure.

Main Results:

  • Phenotypic correlations generally enhance statistical power, except for LPK-GEI.
  • Het-GEI and PPK-GEI demonstrated higher power than Hom-GEI and LPK-GEI across most scenarios.
  • Identified a significant GEI between the LEUTX gene and hemoglobin affecting SBP and DBP (p = 2.20×10-6).
  • MYO1C showed nominal significance with hemoglobin interaction using Het-GEI; NOS3 and MYO1C showed significance with single-phenotype tests.

Conclusions:

  • Developed novel, powerful multiphenotype GEI tests for rare variants.
  • Het-GEI and PPK-GEI are effective for detecting GEI pleiotropy.
  • The study identified a novel gene-hemoglobin interaction influencing blood pressure traits.