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Stabilizing Brillouin random laser with photon localization by feedback of distributed random fiber grating array.

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    Photon localization in random fiber grating arrays stabilizes Brillouin random lasers. This method enhances coherence and enables passive frequency stabilization without active laser locking, offering a cost-effective solution.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and Optics
    • Laser Physics
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Strong scattering media can localize light, extending photon lifetime via multiple scattering.
    • This phenomenon offers potential for stabilizing random lasers, crucial for advanced optical applications.
    • Random Fiber Grating Arrays (RFGA) are explored for their light-trapping capabilities.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate a frequency-stabilized Brillouin random laser (BRFL) with high coherence.
    • To investigate the role of photon localization in RFGA for laser stabilization.
    • To achieve passive frequency stabilization without active laser locking mechanisms.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing a random fiber grating array (RFGA) to induce photon localization through wave interference in multi-scattering Fabry-Pérot cavities.
    • Implementing a distributed feedback (DFB) mechanism within the RFGA for the BRFL.
    • Measuring optical beat frequency using the optical heterodyne method to assess frequency drift relative to a pump laser.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved a frequency-stabilized BRFL with high coherence enabled by photon localization in RFGA.
    • Demonstrated single-mode operation at high pump power due to high finesse peaks of RFGA suppressing multi-longitudinal modes.
    • Observed a small frequency drift of 51 kHz/s (620 kHz over 12 s) with a pump laser, maintaining a 4.5% correlation coefficient in optical beat frequency.
    • Confirmed single-mode lasing with long lifetime, ultralow intensity noise, and replica symmetry behavior.

    Conclusions:

    • Photon localization in RFGA provides a robust method for stabilizing BRFL frequency passively.
    • The developed RFGA-based BRFL offers a simple, cost-effective, and highly coherent laser source.
    • This approach bypasses the need for complex active phase-locking systems, paving the way for practical applications.