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Updated: Aug 26, 2025

Fertility Preservation in Patients with Severe Ovarian Dysfunction
Published on: March 25, 2021
A Case of Severe Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome Causing Pleural Effusion
Misbahuddin Khaja1, Sarah Powell2, Sameer Kandhi3
1Internal Medicine and Pulmonary Critical Care, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Bronx Care Health System, Bronx, USA.
Abstract:
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome is one of the complications of treating infertility by ovarian stimulation. As a result of the stimulation, there is a shift of serum from the intravascular space to the third space, leading to complications like ascites and pleural effusion. Here we present a case of a 29-year-old female with polycystic ovarian syndrome who was being treated for infertility using ovarian stimulation agents for in-vitro fertilization. After egg retrieval, the patient complained of shortness of breath and was found to have right-sided pleural effusion. Her symptoms were eventually relieved following an ultrasound-guided diagnostic and therapeutic thoracentesis. Upon discharge, a repeat chest radiograph in the pulmonary clinic showed no pleural effusion. In conclusion, although severe complications like pleural effusion from ovarian stimulation are rare, the physician should be able to recognize this phenomenon to prevent any further deterioration of the patient.
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Clinical Manifestations:
Disorders of the Female Reproductive System
Ovarian Cycle

