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Invasive Bordetella pertussis Infection in Infants: A Case Report

Yang Liao1,2, Wei-Ran Li1,2, Yu Zhu1,2

  • 1Department of Infection, West China Second Hospital affiliated with Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

Open Forum Infectious Diseases
|October 13, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Infants are susceptible to severe pertussis. This case highlights a severe pertussis infection in a 2-month-old infant, involving respiratory failure, pneumonia, septic shock, and encephalopathy.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Infants face a higher risk of severe pertussis.
  • Pertussis, caused by *Bordetella pertussis*, can lead to critical illness in early life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a rare case of malignant pertussis in an infant.
  • To illustrate the diagnostic methods used for severe pertussis.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical case presentation of a 2-month-old infant with severe symptoms.
  • Detection of *Bordetella pertussis* using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on nasopharyngeal secretions.
  • Metagenomics next-generation sequencing (mNGS) applied to blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples.

Main Results:

  • The infant presented with respiratory failure, severe pneumonia, septic shock, and encephalopathy.
  • *Bordetella pertussis* was identified in nasopharyngeal, blood, and CSF samples.
  • Diagnostic confirmation through both PCR and mNGS.

Conclusions:

  • Malignant pertussis is a life-threatening condition in infants.
  • Advanced molecular techniques like mNGS are valuable for diagnosing severe pertussis, even in blood and CSF.
  • Early recognition and diagnosis are crucial for managing severe pertussis in infants.

Keywords:
Bordetella pertussisbacteremiaencephalopathypneumoniawhooping cough

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