Differences in chromatic noise suppression of luminance contrast discrimination in young and elderly people

Aging causes impairment of contrast sensitivity and chromatic discrimination, leading to changes in the perceptual interactions between color and luminance information. We aimed to investigate the influence of chromatic noise on luminance contrast thresholds in young and older adults. Forty participants were divided equally into Young (29.6 ± 6.3-year-old) and Elderly Groups (57.8 ± 6.6-year-old). They performed a luminance contrast discrimination task in the presence of chromatic noise maskers using a mosaic stimulus in a mosaic background. Four chromatic noise masking protocols were applied (protan, deutan, tritan, and no-noise protocols). We found that luminance contrast thresholds were significantly elevated by the addition of chromatic noise in both age groups (P < 0.05). In the Elderly group, but not the younger group, thresholds obtained in the tritan protocol were lower than those obtained from protan and deutan protocols (P < 0.05). For all protocols, the luminance contrast thresholds of elderly participants were higher than in young people (P < 0.01). Tritan chromatic noise was less effective in inhibiting luminance discrimination in elderly participants.