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Removing BaP from soil by biochar prepared with medicago and corn straw using batch and solid-phase extraction

Dandan Li1, Yi'an Zhou1, Haixia Ding1

  • 1Gansu Province Environmental Monitoring Center, No. 225, Yanerwan Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province, China. 1211739646@qq.com.

Analytical Methods : Advancing Methods and Applications
|October 13, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Low-cost biochars derived from corn straw (CB) and medicago (MB) effectively remove benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) from contaminated soil. These materials demonstrate high adsorption capacities and are suitable for soil remediation applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Materials Science
  • Soil Science

Background:

  • Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) is a persistent organic pollutant found in contaminated soils, posing environmental and health risks.
  • Effective and low-cost remediation strategies are needed to remove BaP from polluted soil.
  • Biochar derived from agricultural waste shows potential for soil remediation applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prepare and characterize low-cost biochar materials from corn straw (CB) and medicago (MB).
  • To evaluate the adsorption capability of CB and MB for removing benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) from contaminated soil.
  • To investigate the adsorption kinetics and isotherms of BaP onto CB and MB.

Main Methods:

  • Corn straw and medicago were pyrolyzed at 350 °C under limited-oxygen conditions to produce biochar (CB and MB).
  • Characterization of biochar properties using SEM, elemental analysis, and FT-IR.
  • Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to determine BaP adsorption kinetics and isotherms, followed by soil treatment analysis using solid-phase extraction (SPE).

Main Results:

  • The prepared biochars (CB and MB) exhibited efficient adsorption of BaP from contaminated soil.
  • BaP adsorption followed pseudo-secondary kinetics, with maximum adsorption capacities of 78.2 mg kg⁻¹ for CB and 88.8 mg kg⁻¹ for MB.
  • Adsorption data were well described by both Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms (correlation coefficients > 0.87).
  • The application of CB and MB significantly increased BaP removal from soil, with contributions rising to 80.6% and 82.1%, respectively.

Conclusions:

  • Low-cost biochars from corn straw and medicago are effective adsorbents for removing benzo(a)pyrene from contaminated soil.
  • The adsorption process is kinetically favorable and can be accurately modeled by established isotherm equations.
  • These biochar materials offer a promising and sustainable solution for soil remediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.