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Fundamental care: An evolutionary concept analysis.

Giulia Ottonello¹, Francesca Napolitano¹, Emma Musio Maria¹

¹Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy.

Journal of Advanced Nursing

|October 13, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Fundamental care lacks a consistent definition, but effective care emphasizes communication, context, leadership, and the nurse-patient relationship. This understanding aids nurse leaders in enhancing fundamental care practices.

Keywords:

basic care concept analysis fundamental care fundamentals of care nursing nursing basic care nursing leadership

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Area of Science:

Nursing Science
Healthcare Management

Background:

Numerous studies address fundamental nursing care, but inconsistent terminology and definitions hinder consensus.
A clear and agreed-upon definition of fundamental care is essential for effective healthcare delivery.

Purpose of the Study:

To conduct a comprehensive analysis of the concept of fundamental care within existing literature.
To identify common themes, antecedents, attributes, and consequences of fundamental care.

Main Methods:

An evolutionary concept analysis was performed using Rodgers's method.
Literature search conducted on PubMed and CINAHL Complete (2008-2022) using keywords: fundamental care, fundamentals of care, essential care, basic nursing care, and basic care revised.
Thematic analysis of 50 selected scholarly/peer-reviewed articles in English and Italian.

Main Results:

Analysis identified 38 attributes (e.g., integrated care, patient-centeredness, trusting relationships), 8 antecedents (e.g., nursing care, practice, context), and 17 consequences (e.g., safety, quality, consistency).
No single, consistent definition of fundamental care emerged from the literature.

Conclusions:

Fundamental care is crucial and involves communication, context, leadership, and the nurse-patient relationship for high-quality outcomes.
The proposed definition can guide nurse leaders in practice, research, education, and policy to improve fundamental care.
This research aims to enhance the examination and application of fundamental care across all healthcare settings.