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Spreading of Chromatin Modifications

Spreading of Chromatin Modifications

The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 26, 2025

Immunofluorescence Staining Using IBA1 and TMEM119 for Microglial Density, Morphology and Peripheral Myeloid Cell Infiltration Analysis in Mouse Brain

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Published on: October 27, 2019

Age-associated changes in microglia activation and Sirtuin-1- chromatin binding patterns.

Liana V Basova¹, Nikki Bortell², Bruno Conti¹

¹San Diego Biomedical Research Institute, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.

|October 13, 2022

Summary

Healthy aging involves maintaining brain health. This study found differences in microglia and Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) activity between shorter- and longer-lived macaques, highlighting their importance for longevity.

Keywords:

Sirtuin-1 aging brain microglia rhesus macaques

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Isolation of Cortical Microglia with Preserved Immunophenotype and Functionality From Murine Neonates

Isolation of Cortical Microglia with Preserved Immunophenotype and Functionality From Murine Neonates

Published on: January 30, 2014

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Aging Research
Molecular Biology

Background:

Aging impacts physiological mechanisms, affecting quality of life and longevity.
Brain health is crucial for successful aging.
Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) is a key molecular factor linked to health and longevity.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare brain pathogenesis and Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) chromatin binding in shorter-lived versus longer-lived elder rhesus macaques.
To investigate the roles of microglia, CD38, and microRNA-142 (mir142) in aging and longevity.
To model successful aging in humans using rhesus macaque lifespan.

Main Methods:

Comparative analysis of pre-frontal cortex from young (4-7 yo), shorter-lived elder (18-20 yo), and longer-lived elder (23-29 yo) rhesus macaques.
Measurement of microglia marker Iba1, CD38, mir142, and Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) levels and activity.
Assessment of Sirt1-chromatin binding dynamics in genes related to nuclear activity and senescence.

Main Results:

Lower Iba1 levels in shorter-lived elder macaques compared to young and longer-lived elder groups.
Elevated CD38 levels in both elder groups versus young macaques.
Inverse correlation between mir142 and Sirt1 in longer-lived brains; Sirt1 binding efficiency was higher in longer-lived animals for senescence-related genes.

Conclusions:

Neuroinflammation and Sirt1-chromatin interactions differ significantly between shorter- and longer-lived macaques.
Preserving microglia function and Sirt1 efficiency may be vital for promoting longevity.
Findings suggest potential molecular targets for interventions aimed at healthy aging.