Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Electrodes: Overview

Electrodes: Overview

Electrochemical measurements are conducted in an electrochemical cell composed of various components that control and measure the current and potential. One fundamental component is electrodes, conductive materials that enable electron transfer reactions at their surfaces.
There are two main types of electrodes in electrochemical cells. The first type, known as the working or indicator electrode, has a potential that is sensitive to the analyte's concentration and reacts to changes in...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Electrodermal activity measurements: a review of artifacts.

Physiological measurement·2026

Same author

Effects of seasonal changes on the skin surface electrical susceptance.

Biomedical physics & engineering express·2026

Same author

A Validated Mass Spectrometry Platform for Oxysterol Analysis of Single Human Gastruloids and Liver Organoids.

Analytical chemistry·2026

Same author

Experimentally confirmed ferroelectricity in organic compounds identified by database mining.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026

Same author

Recording and modeling of pinched hysteresis loops, the fingerprint of a memristor, in neurons.

Scientific reports·2025

Same author

Adverse Event Following Change in Brachytherapy Plaque-Cleaning Chemicals: A Case Series.

Ocular oncology and pathology·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 25, 2025

Electrophysiological Analysis of human Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Cardiomyocytes hPSC-CMs Using Multi-electrode Arrays MEAs

Electrophysiological Analysis of human Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Cardiomyocytes hPSC-CMs Using Multi-electrode Arrays MEAs

Published on: May 12, 2017

A CMOS Multi-Electrode Array for Four-Electrode Bioimpedance Measurements.

Steffen Novik, Magnus Flo Drageseth, Magnus Borresen Grondalen

IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems

|October 13, 2022

Summary

This study presents a novel complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) chip for multi-electrode array (MEA) bioimpedance measurements. The chip enables precise electrical impedance measurements for various biological applications.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Advancing Genetic Epilepsy Studies with Multi-Electrode Array-Based Long-Term Electrophysiological Monitoring of Human Brain Assembloids

Author Spotlight: Advancing Genetic Epilepsy Studies with Multi-Electrode Array-Based Long-Term Electrophysiological Monitoring of Human Brain Assembloids

Published on: September 27, 2024

Multi-analyte Biochip MAB Based on All-solid-state Ion-selective Electrodes ASSISE for Physiological Research

Multi-analyte Biochip MAB Based on All-solid-state Ion-selective Electrodes ASSISE for Physiological Research

Published on: April 18, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 25, 2025

Electrophysiological Analysis of human Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Cardiomyocytes hPSC-CMs Using Multi-electrode Arrays MEAs

Electrophysiological Analysis of human Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Cardiomyocytes hPSC-CMs Using Multi-electrode Arrays MEAs

Published on: May 12, 2017

Author Spotlight: Advancing Genetic Epilepsy Studies with Multi-Electrode Array-Based Long-Term Electrophysiological Monitoring of Human Brain Assembloids

Author Spotlight: Advancing Genetic Epilepsy Studies with Multi-Electrode Array-Based Long-Term Electrophysiological Monitoring of Human Brain Assembloids

Published on: September 27, 2024

Multi-analyte Biochip MAB Based on All-solid-state Ion-selective Electrodes ASSISE for Physiological Research

Multi-analyte Biochip MAB Based on All-solid-state Ion-selective Electrodes ASSISE for Physiological Research

Published on: April 18, 2013

Area of Science:

Electrical Engineering
Biomedical Engineering
Materials Science

Background:

Bioimpedance measurements are crucial for assessing tissue properties.
Existing multi-electrode arrays (MEAs) often lack integration and scalability.
Need for miniaturized, high-resolution bioimpedance sensing platforms.

Purpose of the Study:

To design and fabricate a CMOS chip for four-electrode bioimpedance measurements using an 8x8 MEA.
To demonstrate the chip's functionality for sensing electrical properties in liquids.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of an 8x8 MEA on a CMOS chip (TSMC 180 nm process).
Integration of current-carrying (CC) and pick-up (PU) electrodes within each pixel.
On-chip instrumentation and transimpedance amplifiers for differential voltage and current measurements.
Electroless plating for electrode metallization (Zn/Ni/Au) and SU-8 encapsulation for wet experiments.

Main Results:

Successful fabrication of the integrated MEA CMOS chip.
Demonstrated functionality through measurements in liquids of varying conductivities.
Verified performance of on-chip amplifiers for voltage and current sensing.

Conclusions:

The developed CMOS MEA chip is a viable platform for four-electrode bioimpedance measurements.
This technology offers potential for miniaturized, high-density bioimpedance sensing.
The chip's design facilitates integration into various biomedical devices and applications.