Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 25, 2025
05:22
Identification of the Genes Involved in Stomatal Development via Epidermal Phenotype Scoring
Published on: January 20, 2023
1.7K
Conserved signalling components coordinate epidermal patterning and cuticle deposition in barley.
Linsan Liu1, Sarah B Jose2, Chiara Campoli1
1Division of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.
Nature Communications
|October 13, 2022
Summary
Barley genes HvYDA1 and HvBRX-Solo coordinate plant surface features. These genes regulate cuticle integrity, epidermal cell arrangement, and stomatal patterning, crucial for plant adaptation.
Area of Science:
- Plant Biology
- Genetics
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Land plants possess a protective cuticle and adjustable stomata for gas exchange.
- Coordinated regulation of epidermal features like cuticle and stomata is poorly understood.
- Barley (Hordeum vulgare) presents unique epidermal adaptations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify genes controlling cuticular wax deficiency and stomatal misarrangement in barley.
- To elucidate the molecular mechanisms coordinating epidermal patterning and cuticular properties.
Main Methods:
- Genetic analysis of two loci in barley exhibiting cuticular and stomatal defects.
- Gene identification and characterization of HvYDA1 (YODA-like MAPKKK) and HvBRX-Solo (BRX domain protein).
Main Results:
- HvYDA1 and HvBRX-Solo control cuticular integrity, epidermal cell spacing/identity, and epicuticular wax blooms.
- These genes influence stomatal patterning, particularly under elevated CO2.
- Genetic analyses revealed epistatic and modifying interactions between HvYDA1 and HvBRX-Solo.
Conclusions:
- HvYDA1 and HvBRX-Solo are key regulators of barley epidermal development.
- These genes likely function in interacting pathways linking epidermal patterning with cuticular properties.
- This coordinated mechanism may enhance adaptation in cultivated cereals.
Related Concept Videos
01:25Cell Signaling in Plants
5.7K
Plant cells communicate to coordinate their cycle of growth, flowering and fruiting, and activities in roots, shoots, and leaves in response to the changing environmental conditions. Plant signaling is distinct from animal signaling. Plants primarily utilize enzyme-linked receptors, whereas the largest class of cell-surface receptors in animals are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Unlike animals, receptor tyrosine kinases are rare in plants. Instead, plants have a diverse class of...
5.7K
02:33Hedgehog Signaling Pathway
7.4K
The Hedgehog gene (Hh) was first discovered due to its control of the growth of disorganized, hair-like bristles phenotype in Drosophila, much like hedgehog spines. Hh plays a crucial role in the development of organs and the maintenance of homeostasis in both invertebrates and vertebrates. However, while Drosophila has only one Hh protein, mammals have multiple functional Hedgehog proteins - Sonic (Shh), Desert (Dhh), and Indian Hedgehog (Ihh). All of these homologous proteins have adapted to...
7.4K
03:14Notch Signaling Pathway
4.4K
The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
The Notch gene came into the limelight in 1914 after the discovery that its mutation in Drosophila melanogaster leads to a serrated (or "notched") wing margin phenotype. It was not...
The Notch gene came into the limelight in 1914 after the discovery that its mutation in Drosophila melanogaster leads to a serrated (or "notched") wing margin phenotype. It was not...
4.4K
01:12Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal
2.2K
Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...
2.2K
01:28Yeast Signaling
14.7K
Yeasts are single-celled organisms, but unlike bacteria, they are eukaryotes (cells with a nucleus). Cell signaling in yeast is similar to signaling in other eukaryotic cells. A ligand, such as a protein or a small molecule released from a yeast cell, attaches to a receptor on the cell surface. The binding stimulates second-messenger kinases to activate or inactivate transcription factors that further regulate gene expression. Many of the yeast intracellular signaling cascades have similar...
14.7K
01:22Role of Ephrin-Eph Signalling in Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal
2.3K
Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular carcinoma receptor (Eph) and its ligand, Eph receptor-interacting protein (Ephrin) were first discovered in the human carcinoma cell line, hence the name. Ephrin-Eph interaction guides cells to reach their appropriate location in adult tissues. They also play an essential role in the immune system by helping in immune cell migration, adhesion, and activation. Based on their structure and function, Eph is divided into two classes — EphA and EphB.
2.3K