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Analysis of the eutrophication in a wetland using a data-driven model.

Rahmat Zarkami1, Ali Abedini2, Roghayeh Sadeghi Pasvisheh3

  • 1Faculty of Natural Resources, Department of Environmental Science, University of Guilan, Sowmeh Sara, P.O. Box 1144, Guilan, Iran. rzarkami2002@yahoo.co.uk.

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
|October 13, 2022
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Summary

Eutrophication severely impacts Anzali wetland, with western, Siahkeshim, eastern, and central areas classified as eutrophic to hyper-eutrophic. Key water quality variables predict and drive these detrimental trophic conditions.

Keywords:
Chlorophyll-aClassification treePhytoplanktonTrophic state index

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Ecology
  • Water Quality Management

Background:

  • Eutrophication poses a significant environmental challenge in the international Anzali wetland, located in northern Iran.
  • Understanding the trophic state and its drivers is crucial for effective wetland management and conservation efforts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the trophic state index (TSI) across various sections of the Anzali wetland.
  • To develop a predictive model for assessing wetland trophic conditions using water quality and physical-structural variables.

Main Methods:

  • Calculation of the Trophic State Index (TSI) at ten sampling sites within the Anzali wetland.
  • Implementation of a data-driven classification tree model (J48 algorithm) to predict trophic status.
  • Monthly analysis of chlorophyll-a and environmental variables over a one-year period (2017-2018).

Main Results:

  • Anzali wetland sections were classified as eutrophic (western), super-eutrophic (Siahkeshim), and hyper-eutrophic (eastern and central).
  • Eight environmental variables (bicarbonate, pH, water temperature, electric conductivity, dissolved oxygen, total phosphorus, water depth, and turbidity) were identified as key predictors.
  • Increased total phosphorus, turbidity, and electric conductivity were linked to hyper-eutrophic conditions, while decreased water depth, dissolved oxygen, and pH were also associated with this state.

Conclusions:

  • The trophic condition of Anzali wetland is influenced by both spatial and temporal factors.
  • Anthropogenic inputs, particularly nutrients like phosphorus and nitrogen, are the primary drivers of eutrophication in the wetland.
  • The developed model effectively predicts trophic states, highlighting critical variables for management interventions.