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Screening for novel risk factors related to high myopia using machine learning
Ruiheng Zhang1, Li Dong1, Qiong Yang1
1Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Medical Artificial Intelligence Research and Verification Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
High levels of serum vitamin A may be linked to a higher prevalence of high myopia. Further research is needed to confirm this association and understand the underlying mechanisms for myopia progression.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Nutritional Science
- Public Health
Background:
- High myopia is a leading cause of irreversible vision loss globally.
- Understanding factors associated with high myopia is crucial for developing interventions.
- Identifying pathophysiologic mechanisms can guide myopia progression targets.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the association between various factors and high myopia.
- To identify potential intervention targets for myopia progression.
- To investigate the role of specific nutritional and immunological factors in high myopia.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of 7,033 participants aged 12-25 from NHANES 2001-2006.
- Myopia defined as spherical equivalent ≤-0.5 D; high myopia as ≤-5.00 D.
- Variable selection by Random Forest and verification by logistic regression.
Main Results:
- 74 potential factors including demographic, physical, nutritional, serological, immunological, and medical history were analyzed.
- High serum vitamin A levels showed a significant association with increased high myopia prevalence (aOR=1.46, 95% CI [1.01-2.10]).
- C-reactive protein and asthma were not found to increase myopia risk or severity.
Conclusions:
- A potential association exists between high serum vitamin A levels and increased high myopia prevalence.
- This association requires cautious interpretation due to potential Type I error from multiple testing.
- Further investigation is needed to elucidate the mechanism linking vitamin A and high myopia.
