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Learning Disabilities01:25

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Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
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Intellectual disability (ID) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by deficits in intellectual and adaptive functioning that manifest during the developmental period. This condition encompasses challenges in reasoning, memory, problem-solving, and learning, accompanied by impairments in everyday life skills, such as communication, self-care, and social interactions. Intellectual disability affects approximately 1% of the population in the United States, impacting an estimated 5...
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Confounding is a critical issue in epidemiological studies, often leading to misleading conclusions about associations between exposures and outcomes. It occurs when the relationship between the exposure and the outcome is mixed with the effects of other factors that influence the outcome. Given that, addressing confounding is of high importance for drawing accurate inferences in research.
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Problem-Solving Before Instruction PS-I: A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities
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Addressing Disability Inequities: Let's Stop Admiring the Problem and Do Something about It.

James H Rimmer1

  • 1School of Health Professions, Lakeshore Foundation Research Collaborative, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35206, USA.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|October 14, 2022
PubMed
Summary

People with disabilities face health disparities due to lack of access to wellness programs. A new three-stage model promotes health equity by improving program inclusivity and empowering individuals.

Keywords:
disabilitydisabling conditionshealth disparitieshealth inequitieshealth promotionwellness

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Disability Studies
  • Health Promotion

Background:

  • Healthcare systems and public health initiatives often fail to adequately support or equitably include people with disabilities in community wellness programs.
  • This exclusion prevents many individuals with disabilities from transitioning from patient to active participant, exacerbating health disparities.
  • Consequently, people with disabilities experience higher rates of secondary conditions like obesity, cardiovascular issues, pain, fatigue, depression, and type 2 diabetes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address the health disparities faced by people with disabilities by improving access to and inclusivity in wellness programs.
  • To present a multi-stage model for achieving health equity for individuals with disabilities in home and community settings.

Main Methods:

  • A three-stage model is described for integrating health and wellness support within home and community environments.
  • The model emphasizes person-centered referrals, empowering individuals with disabilities in self-management, and ensuring community programs are inclusive.
  • The model is currently implemented at a federally funded center in the US.

Main Results:

  • The described model facilitates the transition of people with disabilities from passive patients to active participants in wellness.
  • It aims to reduce the incidence of secondary health conditions by improving access to physical activity, nutrition, stress reduction, and sleep hygiene programs.
  • The approach promotes health equity by fostering inclusive community-based services.

Conclusions:

  • Achieving health equity for people with disabilities requires a comprehensive, multi-stage approach.
  • Empowering individuals and ensuring inclusive community programs are crucial for improving health outcomes.
  • The presented three-stage model shows potential for global application in supporting the health and wellness of people with disabilities.