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Methods of Documentation VII: EMR01:30

Methods of Documentation VII: EMR

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Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) primarily center around electronically documenting patients' health information within a single healthcare organization or practice. They contain essential clinical data related to a patient's medical history, diagnoses, medications, treatment plans, lab results, and other pertinent information relevant to the specific encounter or episode of care. EMRs are designed to streamline documentation and workflow processes within individual healthcare...
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An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a critical diagnostic tool that records the electrical signals produced by the heart during each heartbeat. This recording is achieved through electrodes placed strategically on the arms, legs, and chest. The electrocardiograph amplifies these signals and produces 12 distinct tracings, offering a comprehensive understanding of the heart's electrical activity.
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Health Information Technology (HIT)
Health Information Technology, commonly called HIT, integrates advanced information systems and technology in healthcare settings. Its primary functions include:
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Holter monitoring is a continuous electrocardiography (ECG) recording that tracks the heart's electrical activity over an extended period, generally 24 to 48 hours. This noninvasive diagnostic tool detects irregular heart rhythms that may not be captured during a standard ECG performed in a clinical setting.DeviceThe Holter monitor is a portable, small device connected to several electrodes on the patient's chest. These electrodes detect the heart's electrical signals and transmit them to the...
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Introduction
An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a diagnostic tool for identifying cardiac conditions such as arrhythmias, conduction abnormalities, and myocardial ischemia.
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Pulse rhythm refers to the pattern of pulsations within specific intervals, offering valuable insights into the regularity or irregularity of the heart's beats as observed through the pattern of pulsation within specific intervals. A regular pulse exhibits a consistent heart rate with uniform waveforms and pulsation force, variations of which can be classified as normal, weak, or bounding.
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Updated: Aug 25, 2025

Patient Directed Recording of a Bipolar Three-Lead Electrocardiogram using a Smartwatch with ECG Function
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ECG Standards and Formats for Interoperability between mHealth and Healthcare Information Systems: A Scoping Review.

Daniel Cuevas-González1, Juan Pablo García-Vázquez1, Miguel Bravo-Zanoguera1

  • 1Facultad de Ingeniería, MyDCI, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali 21100, Mexico.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|October 14, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This scoping review identifies key data standards and formats for mobile health (mHealth) electrocardiograph (ECG) data interoperability. It synthesizes knowledge on HL7, SCP-ECG, x73-PHD, PDF/A standards and various data formats for seamless healthcare information exchange.

Keywords:
ECGEKGhealthcare information systemsinteroperabilitymobile health systemsstandards

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Area of Science:

  • Health Informatics
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Digital Health

Background:

  • Interoperability is crucial for efficient data exchange in healthcare information systems.
  • Mobile health (mHealth) devices generate significant electrocardiograph (ECG) data requiring standardized formats.
  • Integrating mHealth ECG data into traditional healthcare systems presents interoperability challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a scoping review on data formats and standards for mHealth ECG data interoperability.
  • To identify proposed digital data formats and standards for ECG data exchange between mHealth and traditional healthcare information systems.
  • To evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of these identified data formats and standards.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive scoping review was performed using the JBI methodology and PRISMA-ScR guidelines.
  • Searches were conducted across four major databases to identify relevant studies.
  • Inclusion criteria were applied to a total of 4018 initially identified studies, with 30 meeting the final criteria.

Main Results:

  • Four standards were identified: HL7, SCP-ECG, x73-PHD, and PDF/A.
  • Nine data formats were found for capturing and storing streaming ECG data: CSV, PDF-ECG, and seven XML-based formats (ECG-XML, HL7-XML, mPCG-XML, mECGML, JSON, SaECG, CDA R2).

Conclusions:

  • HL7, SCP-ECG, x73-PHD, and PDF/A are key standards for mHealth ECG data interoperability.
  • A variety of data formats, including XML-based solutions, exist for managing streaming ECG data in mHealth applications.
  • Further research may be needed to assess the comparative advantages and disadvantages of these formats and standards in real-world healthcare settings.