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The Timely Administration of Epinephrine and Related Factors in Children with Anaphylaxis

Lily Myung-Jin Cha1, Won Seok Lee1, Man Yong Han2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, CHA Ilsan Medical Center, CHA University, Goyang 10414, Korea.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|October 14, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Timely epinephrine administration is crucial for pediatric anaphylaxis. Factors like wheezing, asthma history, and food triggers significantly influence rapid treatment, improving patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
  • Emergency Medicine
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening allergic reaction requiring prompt medical attention.
  • Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis, but its timely administration is often delayed.
  • Understanding factors influencing epinephrine delivery is critical for improving pediatric anaphylaxis management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify factors associated with the timely administration of epinephrine in pediatric anaphylaxis cases.
  • To analyze the impact of patient characteristics, symptoms, and triggers on epinephrine treatment delays.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of 107 pediatric patients diagnosed with anaphylaxis between 2015 and 2017.
  • Analysis of patient demographics, allergy history, anaphylaxis signs/symptoms, allergen sensitization, triggers, and time to epinephrine administration.
  • Statistical analysis to determine significant factors influencing rapid epinephrine delivery.

Main Results:

  • Patients receiving epinephrine arrived at the hospital faster (median 50 min) than those who did not (median 94 min).
  • Epinephrine administration was delayed by over 60 minutes from symptom onset in children younger than 2 years.
  • Wheezing, asthma history, age (≥2 years), food triggers, and food allergen sensitivity were linked to faster epinephrine administration.

Conclusions:

  • Rapid diagnosis and prompt epinephrine administration are essential for managing pediatric anaphylaxis effectively.
  • Specific clinical factors, including respiratory symptoms and allergen type, can predict faster epinephrine delivery.
  • Targeted interventions may be needed to reduce epinephrine administration delays, particularly in younger children.

Keywords:
anaphylaxischildrenemergency departmentepinephrine

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