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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 25, 2025

Assessing the Effects of Music Listening on Psychobiological Stress in Daily Life
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Effect of Algorithmic Music Listening on Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Activity: An Exploratory, Randomized

Alfredo Raglio1, Roberto Maestri2, Elena Robbi3

  • 1Music Therapy Research Laboratory, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|October 14, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Algorithmic relaxing music positively impacts the cardiac autonomic nervous system, enhancing vagal modulation. Activating music showed minimal or opposite effects, highlighting music

Keywords:
algorithmic musiccardiac autonomic nervous systemmusic listeningmusic therapyphysiological parameters

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Neuroscience
  • Computational Musicology

Background:

  • Music listening demonstrates therapeutic potential across clinical domains.
  • Therapeutic efficacy of music requires a logical, targeted approach to musical stimuli.
  • Algorithmic music offers a controlled method for generating musical stimuli.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the acute effects of algorithmic music on cardiac autonomic nervous system (CANS) activity.
  • To compare the physiological responses to relaxing versus activating algorithmic music.

Main Methods:

  • A crossover study involving 22 healthy subjects.
  • Continuous recording of electrocardiogram (ECG) and non-invasive arterial blood pressure.
  • Analysis of Heart Rate (HR) mean, HR variability (HRV), and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS).

Main Results:

  • Relaxing algorithmic music significantly decreased HR and increased HRV parameters (RMSSD, pNN50, LF, HF power) and BRS.
  • Activating algorithmic music induced negligible or opposing effects on these cardiovascular autonomic measures.
  • Statistically significant differences were observed between the effects of relaxing and activating music across most variables.

Conclusions:

  • Algorithmic relaxing music enhances cardiac vagal modulation and tone in healthy individuals.
  • These findings suggest potential applications for algorithmic music in clinical interventions targeting the autonomic nervous system.
  • Further research is warranted to explore the therapeutic implications of algorithmic music in various clinical settings.