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Updated: Aug 25, 2025

Dispersion of Nanomaterials in Aqueous Media: Towards Protocol Optimization
Published on: December 25, 2017
Dispersion and Aggregation Fate of Individual and Co-Existing Metal Nanoparticles under Environmental Aqueous
Jejal Reddy Bathi1, Shuvashish Roy1, Syed Tareq1
1Civil and Chemical Engineering, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, 615 McCallie Ave, Chattanooga, TN 37403, USA.
Abstract:
The use of diverse metal nanoparticles (MNPs) in a wide range of commercial products has led to their co-existence in the aqueous environment. The current study explores the dispersion and aggregation fate of five prominent MNPs (silver, copper, iron, nickel, and titanium), in both their individual and co-existing forms. We address a knowledge gap regarding their environmental fate under turbulent condition akin to flowing rivers. We present tandem analytical techniques based on dynamic light scattering, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy for discerning their dispersion behavior under residence times of turbulence, ranging from 0.25 to 4 h. The MNPs displayed a multimodal trend for dispersion and aggregation behavior with suspension time in aqueous samples. The extent of dispersion was variable and depended upon intrinsic properties of MNPs. However, the co-existing MNPs displayed a dominant hetero-aggregation effect, independent of the residence times. Further research with use of real-world environmental samples can provide additional insights on the effects of sample chemistry on MNPs fate.
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