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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 25, 2025

Polarization and Characterization of M1 and M2 Human Monocyte-Derived Macrophages on Implant Surfaces

Polarization and Characterization of M1 and M2 Human Monocyte-Derived Macrophages on Implant Surfaces

Published on: December 6, 2024

Biocompatible Nano-Hydroxyapatites Regulate Macrophage Polarization.

Da-Wang Zhao^1,2, Xin-Cheng Fan^1,3, Yi-Xiang Zhao^1,2

¹Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)

|October 14, 2022

Summary

Uniform rod-like hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nHAPs) were developed to improve bone regeneration. The 400 nm nHAPs demonstrated superior biocompatibility and osteoimmunomodulation, promoting bone growth by reducing inflammation.

Keywords:

hydroxyapatites immunomodulation inflammatory response macrophage

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Last Updated: Aug 25, 2025

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Synthesis of Graphene-Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposites for Potential Use in Bone Tissue Engineering

Synthesis of Graphene-Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposites for Potential Use in Bone Tissue Engineering

Published on: July 27, 2022

Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Immunology
Regenerative Medicine

Background:

Bioactive materials are crucial for regulating the immune microenvironment in osteogenic regeneration.
Hydroxyapatite (HAP) is a promising scaffold material for dental and orthopedic implants due to its biocompatibility and osteoconductivity.
Inflammation can lead to implant failure, highlighting the need for materials that modulate the immune response.

Purpose of the Study:

To prepare and evaluate rod-like hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nHAPs) with controlled morphology for enhanced bone regeneration.
To investigate the biocompatibility and anti-inflammatory properties of nHAPs.
To assess the osteoimmunomodulatory potential of nHAPs in promoting bone formation.

Main Methods:

Synthesis of uniform rod-like nHAPs with sizes of 200 nm and 400 nm in length.
Evaluation of nHAP morphology, biocompatibility, and anti-inflammatory characteristics.
Assessment of macrophage polarization (M2 phenotype) and the production of inflammatory and osteogenic factors.

Main Results:

The 400 nm nHAPs exhibited excellent biocompatibility.
400 nm nHAPs demonstrated significant osteoimmunomodulatory effects.
These nanoparticles induced M2-phenotype macrophages, reducing inflammatory cytokines and promoting osteogenic factors.

Conclusions:

The 400 nm nHAPs show great potential for osteoimmunomodulation in bone regeneration.
This morphology-controlled hydroxyapatite can mitigate inflammation and enhance bone healing.
The findings support the clinical application of these nHAPs for bone defects.